0s

Cenotaph of a centurion who died in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (AD 9). Teutoburg Forest is commonly seen as one of the most important defeats in Roman history, bringing the triumphant period of expansion under Augustus to an abrupt end. The outcome of this battle dissuaded the Romans from their ambition of conquering Germania, and is thus considered one of the most important events in European history.[1]
AD 1 in various calendars
Gregorian calendarAD 1
I
Ab urbe condita754
Assyrian calendar4751
Balinese saka calendarN/A
Bengali calendar−593 – −592
Berber calendar951
Buddhist calendar545
Burmese calendar−637
Byzantine calendar5509–5510
Chinese calendar庚申年 (Metal Monkey)
2698 or 2491
    — to —
辛酉年 (Metal Rooster)
2699 or 2492
Coptic calendar−283 – −282
Discordian calendar1167
Ethiopian calendar−7 – −6
Hebrew calendar3761–3762
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat57–58
 - Shaka SamvatN/A
 - Kali Yuga3101–3102
Holocene calendar10001
Iranian calendar621 BP – 620 BP
Islamic calendar640 BH – 639 BH
Javanese calendarN/A
Julian calendarAD 1
I
Korean calendar2334
Minguo calendar1911 before ROC
民前1911年
Nanakshahi calendar−1467
Seleucid era312/313 AG
Thai solar calendar543–544
Tibetan calendar阳金猴年
(male Iron-Monkey)
127 or −254 or −1026
    — to —
阴金鸡年
(female Iron-Rooster)
128 or −253 or −1025

The 0s began on January 1, AD 1 and ended on December 31, AD 9, covering the first nine years of the Common Era.

In Europe, the 0s saw the continuation of conflict between the Roman Empire and Germanic tribes in the Early Imperial campaigns in Germania. Vinicius, Tiberius and Varus led Roman forces in multiple punitive campaigns, before sustaining a major defeat at the hands of Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. Concurrently, the Roman Empire fought the Bellum Batonianum against a rebelling alliance of native peoples led by Bato the Daesitiate in Illyricum, which was suppressed in AD 9. A conflict also took place in Korea, where Daeso, King of Dongbuyeo invaded Goguryeo with a 50,000-man army in AD 6. He was forced to retreat when heavy snow began to fall, stopping the conflict until the next decade. In China, the last ruler of the Chinese Western Han dynasty (Ruzi Ying) was deposed, allowing Wang Mang to establish the Xin dynasty.

Literary works from the 0s include works from the ancient Roman poet Ovid; the Ars Amatoria, an instructional elegy series in three books, Metamorphoses, a poem which chronicles the history of the world from its creation to the deification of Julius Caesar within a loose mythico-historical framework, and Ibis, a curse poem written during his years in exile across the Black Sea for an offense against Augustus. Nicolaus of Damascus wrote the 15-volume History of the World.

Estimates for the world population by AD 1 range from 170 to 300 million. A census was concluded in China in AD 2: final numbers showed a population of nearly 60 million (59,594,978 people in slightly more than 12 million households). The census is one of the most accurate surveys in Chinese history.

  1. ^ Murdoch, Adrian (2004). "Germania Romana". In Murdoch, Brian; Read, Malcolm (eds.). Early Germanic Literature and Culture. Boydell & Brewer. p. 57. ISBN 157113199X.

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