Back Hungersnot in Somalia in den 1990er-Jahren German Famine en Somalie de 1991-1992 French Fome na Somália de 1991-1992 Portuguese
| 1992 Somalia Famine | |
|---|---|
 January 1993 | |
| Location | Southern Somalia |
| Period | 1991–1992 |
| Total deaths | Approx. 200,000 - 300,000 |
| Causes | War and drought |
| Consequences | Creation of UNOSOM I |
| Preceded by | Somali Civil War |
The 1992 famine in Somalia resulted from a severe drought and devastation caused by warring factions in southern Somalia, primarily the Somali National Front, in the fertile inter-riverine breadbasket between the Jubba and Shebelle rivers. The resulting famine primarily affected residents living in the riverine area, predominantly in Bay Region, and those internally displaced by the civil war.
During the second half of 1992, the famine began to recede,[1] partly due to the lull in fighting, which allowed the first crop harvest in the Lower Shebelle region, and also due to large-scale international food deliveries. The continuing crisis led to the creation of UNOSOM I in April 1992. The Red Cross took lead of the response, spending more than half of its 1992 budget on the crisis and distributing 75% of all relief in Somalia.[2] From August to December 1992, the United States operated an aid airlift to the Red Cross that saved approximately 40,000 lives.[3]
In December 1992, UNITAF (Operation Restore Hope) was established to succeed UNOSOM I, deploying over 30,000 US military-led troops to Somalia with the initial objective of providing security for relief groups.[4] This had the effect of speeding the conclusion of the crisis by about a month.[5] During early 1993, the famine was largely over. In March of 1993, UNITAF transitioned to UNOSOM II. Of the approximately 100,000 lives saved as a result of various form of international assistance,[4] 10,000–25,000 were during the UNITAF and UNOSOM II operations.[4][3]
The crisis resulted in an estimated 200,000–300,000 deaths.
- ^ de Waal 2007, p. 167.
- ^ Peterson 2000, p. 41.
- ^ a b Peterson 2000, p. 52.
- ^ a b c Maren 1997, p. 214.
- ^ Seybolt, Taylor B. (2012). Humanitarian military intervention: the conditions for success and failure (PDF) (Repr ed.). Solna, Sweden: Sipri, Stockholm International Peace Research Inst. pp. 56–57. ISBN 978-0-19-955105-7.