Back الأزمة السياسية البوليفية 2019 Arabic Crisis política en Bolivia de 2019 Spanish استعفای دولت اوو مورالس Persian Démission du gouvernement Evo Morales French Krisis pemerintahan Bolivia 2019 ID Krisis politik Bolivia 2019 Malay Crise política na Bolívia em 2019 Portuguese 2019 Bolivian political crisis SIMPLE
| 2019 Bolivian political crisis | |||
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  Jeanine Áñez assuming the presidency (left); Evo Morales speaking in Mexico, where he received political asylum (right) | |||
| Date | 10 November 2019 – 20 November 2019 | ||
| Location | La Paz, Bolivia | ||
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| Methods | Barricades, demonstrations, and hunger strikes | ||
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| Fatalities: 33 (26 November 2019)[2] Injured: 715 (17 November 2019) | |||
Crisis and protests in Latin America in 2019 | |
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| 2019 Bolivian political crisis |
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 Bolivia portal |
The 2019 Bolivian political crisis was a period of intense political upheaval and unrest in Bolivia that followed the disputed 2019 Bolivian general election, in which incumbent President Evo Morales was initially declared the winner. Morales had run for a controversial fourth term despite having recently lost a constitutional referendum to remove presidential term limits. His bid for reelection was enabled after the Supreme Court then struck down the term limits.[3] The election and the results were heavily contested, with protests occurring across the country as the opposition and many sectors of society alleged that the vote count was manipulated to favor Morales.
Suspicions of fraud were first sparked by a sudden an unexplained 24-hour long halt in the vote count in the hours following the election.[4] Morales then initially declared victory, but in the face of growing protests eventually proposed holding a runoff election.[5] However, the military and the police of Bolivia, along with the Bolivian Workers' Center (COB), subsequently requested President Evo Morales to resign. He did, complaining that he was the victim of a coup. The government of Mexico offered him political asylum the following day, which he accepted.[6][7] An audit of the election by the Organization of American States, requested by Morales before he fled the country,[8] found widespread irregularities and evidence of manipulation in the voting records and recommended the election be annulled and held again.[9][10] Protests continued and sometimes resulted in deaths; in several cases the security forces opened fire on protesters, most notably in Senkata Sacaba massacres.[11]
Parliament voted to make opposition senator Jeanine Áñez acting president on 12 November. Although parliament did not have a quorum for the vote following a boycott by the former ruling party Movimiento al Socialismo,[12] Bolivia's Plurinational Constitutional Tribunal endorsed Áñez's assumption of the presidency.[13] Most of the MAS members then returned, with some assuming key positions such as Leader of the Senate. They also committed to working with the interim government towards new elections.[14] The Bolivian Congress unanimously approved a bill on 23 November 2019 that annulled the results of the 20 October election, allowed for new elections, and prevented Evo Morales from participating in the new elections.[15][16] The bill was signed into law the next day by president Áñez.[17]
The year following the crisis saw continued political chaos and violent protests. Áñez's government began to harass Morales's supporters and charged him and some members of his party with sedition.[18] Morales led the opposition from exile, calling for the Bolivian people to reject the new government. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Áñez repeatedly delayed holding new elections.[19] Elections were finally held in October 2020, which were won by Luis Arce, Morales' former finance minister.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
BCwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Human rights violations in Bolivia merit outside probe: Americas commission head". Reuters. 26 November 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:20was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Bolivia's Evo Morales declares election 2019 victory today stoking anger after results count halted for 24 hours". CBS News. 25 October 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Bolivia's Morales says open to holding runoff, despite claiming outright election victory". France 24. 24 October 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Mexico says it would offer asylum to Bolivia's Morales if he sought it". Reuters. 11 November 2019 – via www.reuters.com.
- ^ "Bolivia crisis: Evo Morales accepts political asylum in Mexico". BBC News. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
- ^ Rueda, Manuel. "OAS begins audit of Bolivia's election amid growing protests". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Análisis de Integridad Electoral: Elecciones Generales en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia" (PDF). Organization of American States. 2019.
- ^ "Informe de la UE detectó "numerosos errores" en elecciones de Bolivia | Voice of America – Spanish". www.voanoticias.com (in Spanish). Voice of America Spanish. 21 December 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
- ^ "Five Killed as Political Violence Keeps Grip on Bolivia". The New York Times. 20 November 2019.
In El Alto late Tuesday night, witnesses said, a military unit guarding the Senkata gasoline plant opened fire on protesters who had surrounded the plant for over a week. By blocking tankers from leaving the plant, Mr. Morales's supporters were able to cut off La Paz's main source of gasoline and food, causing acute shortages. At least eight people were reported killed.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
El Paíswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Bolivia's warring parties strike deal for new elections to end deadly unrest". France 24. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ "Bill for new elections in Bolivia sails through Congress". reuters. 23 November 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ "Bolivia approves new elections excluding Evo Morales". dw. 24 November 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ "Bolivia's interim President Añez approves legislation to hold new elections". dw. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
guardianhrwwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Protests and the pandemic bring chaos to Bolivia". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 20 December 2024.