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| AK-12 | |
|---|---|
 Kalashnikov Concern AK-12 5.45×39mm assault rifle | |
| Type |
|
| Place of origin | Russia |
| Service history | |
| In service | 2018–present |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Mikhail Kalashnikov, Vladimir Zlobin, Sergey Urzhumcev |
| Designed | 2011 |
| Manufacturer | Izhmash (now Kalashnikov Concern) |
| Produced | 2018–present[2] |
| No. built | 150,000+ |
| Variants | See Variants |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 3.5 kg (7.72 lb) empty (AK-12)[3] 3.5 kg (7.72 lb) empty (AK-15)[4] 3.5 kg (7.72 lb) empty (AK-19)[5] 3.8 kg (8.38 lb) empty (AK-308)[6] |
| Length |
|
| Barrel length | 415 mm (16.3 in) |
| Cartridge |
|
| Action | Gas-operated, long-stroke piston, closed rotating bolt |
| Rate of fire | 600-650 rounds/min[3] |
| Muzzle velocity |
|
| Effective firing range | |
| Maximum firing range | 3,150 m (3,440 yd) |
| Feed system |
|
| Sights | Back-up iron sights and integrated Picatinny rail for various optical sights |
The AK-12 (Russian: "Avtomat Kalashnikova, 2012" – GRAU index 6P70) is a Russian gas-operated assault rifle chambered in 5.45×39mm, designed and manufactured by Kalashnikov Concern (formerly Izhmash), making it the fifth generation of Kalashnikov rifles.[7]
Kalashnikov Concern also offers a variant of the AK-12 chambered in 7.62×39mm, designated as the AK-15 (GRAU index 6P71) due to the request of the Russian military. A variant chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO was later unveiled, designated as the AK-19 upon the request of international clients. Compact variants of the AK-12 and AK-15 are also under development, respectively the AK-12K and AK-15K, which features a shorter barrel. A battle rifle variant chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO was later developed, designated as the AK-308.
In response to the "Tokar-2" program, Kalashnikov Concern developed a light machine gun based on the AK-12, designated as the RPK-16. It is essentially an evolution of the RPK-74, sharing similar design features with the AK-12. In November 2020, the AKV-521 was unveiled. Based on the AK-12, its main feature is that it utilises a two-receiver layout.
The AK-12 project began in 2011 by the IZHMASH factory, which became part of the Kalashnikov Concern as a private venture, in an attempt to participate in the "Ratnik" trials which were held by the Russian army.[8] It was further developed by the Kalashnikov Concern. Throughout its development and evaluation stage it has received multiple modifications to meet the Russian military's standard and to address the Russian army's concerns regarding the cost and issues in fully automatic fire of the earlier prototype models.
The early development of the AK-12 went through three different prototype stages to improve upon the range of defects discovered in the prototype models from 2012 to 2015. These prototype designs were later abandoned in favour of the well-proven and improved AK-400 prototype, which took over the "AK-12" designation and became the basis for the finalised model of the AK-12[9]
- ^ "ロシアはシリア紛争でこれまで320以上の兵器の実戦テストを行いました" [Russia has so far Tested More Than 320 Weapons in the Syrian Conflict] (in Japanese). 22 July 2021. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Kalashnikov launching serial production of AK-12 assault rifle | February 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year". 2 February 2018. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d "Ak-12". Kalashnikov Concern. Archived from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
- ^ a b "AK-15". Kalashnikov Concern. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
- ^ "AK-19". Kalashnikov Concern. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
- ^ "AK-308". Kalashnikov Concern. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
- ^ "AK-12 & AK-15 5th Generation Kalashnikov: Rifles for the 21st Century Russian Military". Small Arms Defense Journal. 10 (V10N4). Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
- ^ "Modern Firearms - Kalashnikov AK-12 and AK-15 assault rifle (Russia)". modernfirearms.net. 25 January 2012. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
- ^ "Russian AK-12 Assault Rifles in Service with Qatar". Oryx Blog. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2021.