Back أحمد شاه الدراني Arabic احمد شاه الدرانى ARZ Əhməd xan Abdali Azerbaijani احمدشاه درانی AZB Ахмад-шах Дурані Byelorussian Ахмад Шах Дурани Bulgarian আহমদ শাহ দুররানি Bengali/Bangla Àhmad Xah Durrani Catalan Ahmad Šáh Durrání Czech Ahmad Schah Durrani German
| Ahmad Shah Durrani احمد شاه دراني | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Padishah Ghazi Shāh Durr-i-Durrān ("King, Pearl of Pearls") | |||||
 Portrait of Ahmad Shah Durrani, c. 1757, Bibliothèque nationale de France | |||||
| 1st Emir of the Durrani Empire | |||||
| Reign | July 1747–4 June 1772 | ||||
| Coronation | July 1747 | ||||
| Predecessor | Position established | ||||
| Successor | Timur Shah Durrani | ||||
| Born | Ahmad Khan Abdali 1720–1722 Herat, Sadozai Sultanate of Herat (present-day Afghanistan) or Multan, Mughal Empire (present-day Pakistan) | ||||
| Died | (aged 49–52) Maruf, Kandahar Province, Durrani Empire (present-day Afghanistan) | ||||
| Burial | June 1772 | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
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| Dynasty | House of Durrani | ||||
| Father | Mohammad Zaman Khan Abdali | ||||
| Mother | Zarghona Anaa[1] | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
| Royal seal |  | ||||
Ahmad Shāh Durrānī (Pashto: احمد شاه دراني; Persian: احمد شاه درانی), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī (Pashto: احمد شاه ابدالي), was the first Shah and founder of the Durrani Empire, and is often regarded as the founder of modern Afghanistan.
Throughout his reign, Ahmad Shah fought over fifteen major military campaigns. Nine of them being centered in India, three in Khorasan, and three in Afghan Turkestan.[2] Historians widely recognize Ahmad Shah as a brilliant military leader and tactician, typically being compared to rulers such as Mahmud of Ghazni, Babur, and as well as Nader Shah.[3][4] Historian Hari Ram Gupta refers to Ahmad Shah as the "greatest general of Asia of his time".[5]
- ^ "Afghan first lady in shadow of 1920s queen?". 1 October 2014. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 4 June 2020 – via www.aljazeera.com.
- ^ Lee 2022, p. 118.
- ^ Lee 2022, p. 141.
- ^ K. Palat & Tabyshalieva 2003, p. 290: "Ahmad Shah Durrani was not only a visionary leader but also a talented military man."
- ^ Gupta 1978, p. 192: "The Afghans fought with equal valour and energy and displayed strategy under the leadership of the greatest general of Asia of his time..."