Back 'Aisyah binti Abu Bakar ACE Aischa bint Abi Bakr ALS عائشة بنت أبي بكر Arabic عائشه بنت ابو بكر ARZ আইছা বিন্ত আবু বকৰ Assamese Aisha bint Abi Bakr AST ГӀаиша бинт Абу Бакр AV Aişə Azerbaijani عایشه AZB Ғәйшә бинт Әбү Бәкер Bashkir
| عائشة | |
| Born | c. 614 |
| Died | c. July 678 (aged 63–65) |
| Resting place | Al-Baqi Cemetery, Medina |
| Spouse | Muhammad (m. 620; died 632) |
| Parent(s) | Abu Bakr (father) Umm Ruman (mother) |
| Family |
|
Aisha bint Abi Bakr[a] (c. 614 CE – July 678) was a seventh century Arab commander,[8] politician,[9] muhadditha,[10] and the third and youngest wife of prophet Muhammad.[11][12]
Aisha had an important role in early Islamic history, both during Muhammad's life and after his death. In Sunni tradition, Aisha is portrayed as scholarly, intelligent and inquisitive. She contributed to the spread of Muhammad's message and served the Muslim community for 44 years after his death.[13]
Aisha narrated 2,210 hadiths throughout her life,[14] not just on matters related to Muhammad's private life, but also on topics such as inheritance, pilgrimage, prayer, and eschatology.[15] Her intellect and knowledge in various subjects, including poetry and medicine, were highly praised by early scholars and luminaries such as al-Zuhri and her student Urwa ibn al-Zubayr.[15]
Her father, Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), became the first caliph to succeed Muhammad, and after two years was succeeded by Umar (r. 634–644). Aisha played a leading role in opposing some policies of the third caliph Uthman (r. 644–656), though she also opposed those responsible for his assassination.[16] She refused to recognize Uthman's successor Ali (r. 656–661) and joined al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam and Talha ibn Ubayd Allah. She was defeated in Battle of the Camel during the First Fitna, after which she retired in Medina, became reconciled to Ali and did not oppose caliph Mu'awiya (r. 661–680).[16] She participated in the Battle of the Camel by giving speeches and leading troops on the back of her camel.[7] Because of her involvement in this battle, Shia Muslims have a generally negative view of Aisha despite her subsequent reconciliation with Ali. In Sunni Islam, Aisha is viewed as a leading Islamic scholar and a teacher of several companions and the tabi'in.
- ^ Spellberg 1994, p. 157.
- ^ "Aisha". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "Aisha". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "Āishah". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ Quran 33:6
- ^ Brockelmann 1947.
- ^ a b Abbott 1942, p. [page needed].
- ^ "Aisha, Widow of the Prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of the Camel, from a dispersed Assembly of Histories (Majma' al-Tawarikh) manuscript | Yale University Art Gallery". artgallery.yale.edu. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
- ^ Spellberg, D. A. (February 1995). Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of 'A'isha bint Abi Bakr. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-07998-3.
- ^ "Gendering the Hadith Tradition Recentering the Authority of Aisha, Mother of the Believers". campusstore.miamioh.edu. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
- ^ Esposito 2004a.
- ^ Spellberg 1994, p. 3.
- ^ Aleem 2007, p. 130.
- ^ Islamyat: a core text for students.[full citation needed]
- ^ a b Sayeed 2013, pp. 27–29.
- ^ a b Watt 1960.
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