Back الآمر بأحكام الله Arabic الآمر باحكام الله ARZ امیر بن مستعلی AZB Al-Àmir (fatimita) Catalan Al-Amir bi-ahkam Allah German Al-Amir Bi-Ahkamillah Spanish منصور الآمر باحکامالله Persian Mansur al-Amir Bi-Ahkamillah French Al-Ámir fátimida kalifa Hungarian Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah ID
| al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah | |||||
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| Imam–Caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate | |||||
| Reign | 1101–1130 | ||||
| Predecessor | al-Musta'li | ||||
| Successor | |||||
| Born | 31 December 1096 Cairo, Fatimid Caliphate | ||||
| Died | 7 October 1130 (aged 33) Cairo, Fatimid Caliphate | ||||
| Issue | al-Tayyib | ||||
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| Dynasty | Fatimid | ||||
| Father | al-Musta'li | ||||
| Part of a series on Islam Isma'ilism |
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Abu Ali al-Mansur ibn al-Musta'li (Arabic: أبو علي المنصور بن المستعلي, romanized: Abū ʿAlī al-Manṣūr ibn al-Mustaʿlī; 31 December 1096 – 7 October 1130), better known by his regnal name al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah (Arabic: الآمر بأحكام الله, romanized: al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāh, lit. 'The Ruler Who Executes God's Decrees') was the tenth Fatimid caliph, ruling from 1101 to his death in 1130, and the 20th imam of the Musta'li Isma'ili branch of Shia Islam.
Al-Amir succeeded his father, al-Musta'li, at the age of five. For the first twenty years of his reign, al-Amir was a puppet of his uncle and father-in-law, the vizier al-Afdal Shahanshah, who ruled the Fatimid state and confined al-Amir, like al-Musta'li before him, to the palace. In December 1121, al-Afdal was murdered, officially by agents of the rival Nizari branch of Isma'ilism, although some medieval accounts blame al-Amir and al-Afdal's chief secretary, al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi, instead. Al-Amir and al-Bata'ihi moved quickly to forestall a succession by one of al-Afdal's sons, imprisoning them and moving the vast treasures al-Afdal had amassed into the caliphal palace. Al-Bata'ihi was appointed as the new vizier, but al-Amir took an increasing role in government, and was prominently featured in spectacular public ceremonies. Finally, in 1125, al-Amir dismissed and imprisoned al-Bata'ihi, ruling thenceforth without a vizier.
Despite al-Afdal's and al-Bata'ihi's repeated military efforts against the Crusaders in Palestine, al-Amir's reign saw the progressive loss of the Fatimid coastal strongholds in the Levant apart from Ascalon. Al-Amir took care to strengthen relations with the fellow Musta'li Isma'ili Sulayhid realm of Yemen, and issued a statement of Musta'li orthodoxy, the al-Hidaya al-Amiriyya, in 1122, refuting Nizari claims to legitimacy. His assassination by Nizari agents in 1130, leaving only his infant son al-Tayyib as heir, threw the Fatimid regime into a succession struggle during which it almost collapsed. Fatimid rule was restored with the succession of al-Amir's cousin al-Hafiz li-Din Allah in 1132, which led to the division of Musta'li Isma'ilism into the rival Hafizi and Tayyibi branches.