Atrolysin A

Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atrolysin-A
Zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like atrolysin-A
Identifiers
Organism	Crotalus atrox
Symbol	N/A
CAS number	37288-82-7
UniProt	Q92043
Other data
EC number	3.4.24.1
Structures
Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

Atrolysin A (EC 3.4.24.1) is an enzyme that is one of six hemorrhagic toxins found in the venom of western diamondback rattlesnake. This endopeptidase has a length of 419 amino acid residues.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] The metalloproteinase disintegrin-like domain and the cysteine-rich domain of the enzyme are responsible for the enzyme's hemorrhagic effects on organisms via inhibition of platelet aggregation.^[5]^[6]^[7]

This enzyme catalyzes the following chemical reactions:

cleavage of peptide bonds between amino acid residues Asn³-Gln⁴, His⁵-Leu⁶, His¹⁰-Leu¹¹, Ala¹⁴-Leu¹⁵ and Tyr¹⁶-Leu¹⁷ in the insulin B chain
removal of the C-terminal Leu from small peptides

^ Bjarnason JB, Tu AT (August 1978). "Hemorrhagic toxins from Western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom: isolation and characterization of five toxins and the role of zinc in hemorrhagic toxin e". Biochemistry. 17 (16): 3395–3404. doi:10.1021/bi00609a033. PMID 210790.
^ Mori N, Nikai T, Sugihara H, Tu AT (February 1987). "Biochemical characterization of hemorrhagic toxins with fibrinogenase activity isolated from Crotalus ruber ruber venom". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 253 (1): 108–121. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(87)90643-6. PMID 2949699.
^ Bjarnason JB, Hamilton D, Fox JW (May 1988). "Studies on the mechanism of hemorrhage production by five proteolytic hemorrhagic toxins from Crotalus atrox venom". Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler. 369 (Suppl): 121–129. PMID 3060135.
^ Bjarnason JB, Fox JW (1989). "Hemorrhagic toxins from snake venoms". Journal of Toxicology: Toxin Reviews. 7 (2): 121–209. doi:10.3109/15569548809059729.
^ Cite error: The named reference Jia_1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Q92043 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Serrano_2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).