Back Autonome Verwaltung von Nord- und Ostsyrien ALS الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا Arabic Şimali və Şərqi Suriya Muxtar İdarəsi Azerbaijani قوزئی و دوغو سوریه موختار ایداره‌سی AZB Сірыйскі Курдыстан Byelorussian Сырыйскі Курдыстан BE-X-OLD Демократична федерация на Северна Сирия Bulgarian Kurdistan Siria Breton Rožava BS Administració Autònoma del Nord i Est de Síria Catalan

Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria

Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
  • الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا (Arabic)
  • Rêveberiya Xweser a Bakur û Rojhilatê Sûriyeyê (Kurdish)
  • ܡܕܰܒܪܳܢܘܬ݂ܳܐ ܝܳܬ݂ܰܝܬܳܐ ܠܓܰܪܒܝܳܐ ܘܡܰܕܢܚܳܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܰܐ (Classical Syriac)
  • Kuzey ve Doğu Suriye Özerk Yönetimi (Turkish)
StatusDe facto autonomous region of Syria
CapitalAyn Issa[1][2]
36°23′7″N 38°51′34″E / 36.38528°N 38.85944°E / 36.38528; 38.85944
Largest cityRaqqa
Official languages
Regional official languages
GovernmentFederated semi-direct democracy
• Co-Chairs
LegislatureSyrian Democratic Council
Autonomous region
• Transitional administration declared
2013
• Cantons declare autonomy
January 2014
• Cantons declare federation
17 March 2016
• New administration declared
6 September 2018
Area
• Total
50,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi)[6]
Population
• 2024 estimate
4,600,000[7]
CurrencySyrian pound (SYP)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
Drives onRight

The Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), also known as Rojava,[b] is a de facto autonomous region in northeastern Syria.[12][13] It consists of self-governing sub-regions in the areas of Jazira, Euphrates, Raqqa, Tabqa, and Deir Ez-Zor.[14][15][16] The region gained its de facto autonomy in 2012 in the context of the ongoing Rojava conflict and the wider Syrian civil war, in which its official military force, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), has taken part.[17][18]

While entertaining some foreign relations, the region is neither officially recognized as autonomous by the government of Syria, state, or other governments institutions except for the Catalan Parliament.[19][20][21] The AANES has widespread support for its universal democratic, sustainable, autonomous, pluralist, equal, and feminist policies in dialogues with other parties and organizations.[22][23][24][25] Northeastern Syria is polyethnic and home to sizeable ethnic Arab, Kurdish, and Assyrian populations, with smaller communities of ethnic Turkmen, Armenians, Circassians, and Yazidis.[26][27][28]

The supporters of the region's administration state that it is an officially secular polity,[29][30][31] with direct democratic ambitions based on democratic confederalism and libertarian socialism,[32][33] promoting decentralization, gender equality,[34][35] environmental sustainability, social ecology, and pluralistic tolerance for religious, cultural, and political diversity, and that these values are mirrored in its constitution, society, and politics, stating it to be a model for a federalized Syria as a whole rather than outright independence.[36][37][38][39][40] The region's administration has also been accused by partisan and non-partisan sources of authoritarianism, media censorship, forced disappearances, support of the Ba'athist regime,[c] Kurdification, and displacement.[44] At the same time, the AANES has also been described by partisan and non-partisan sources as the most democratic system in Syria, with direct open elections, social equality, respecting human rights within the region, as well as defense of minority and religious rights within Syria.[d]

The region has implemented a new social justice approach, which emphasizes rehabilitation, empowerment, and social care over retribution. The death penalty was abolished. Prisons house mostly people charged with terrorist activity related to ISIL and other extremist groups, and are a large strain on the region's economy. The autonomous region is ruled by a coalition pursuing a model of economy that blends co-operative and market enterprise through a system of local councils in minority, cultural, and religious representation. Independent organizations providing healthcare in the region include the Kurdish Red Crescent,[51] the Syrian American Medical Society,[52] the Free Burma Rangers,[53] and Doctors Without Borders.[54] Since 2016, Turkish and Turkish-backed Syrian rebel forces have occupied parts of northern Syria through a series of military operations against the SDF. AANES and its SDF have stated they would defend all regions of autonomous administration from any aggression.[55][56]


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