Ba 'Alawi sada

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Ba 'Alawi آل باعلوي
Ba 'Alawi Sada diaspora of Indonesia
Parent family	Banu Hashim
Current region	Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, United Arab Emirates, India, Bangladesh, Singapore, Maldives, Comoros, South Africa, Somalia, Eritrea, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Place of origin	Hadhramaut
Members	see #List of Families
Connected families	al-Rayyan, Thangal, Nuwaythi, Ba Mashkoor, Ba Rumaidaan, Ba Hamaam, al-Amoodi, Ba Naeemi, Ba Hammudi
Traditions	Ba'Alawi tariqa

The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadat Ba 'Alawi (Arabic: سادة آل باعلوي, romanized: sādat āl-bā'alawiy) are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. They claim their lineage to Ahmad al-Muhajir who was born in 873 (260H), who emigrated from Basra to Hadhramaut^[1] in 931 (320H) to avoid sectarian violence, including the invasion of the Qaramite forces into the Abbasid Caliphate. The claim remains controversial in Indonesia, and to date, there is no agreement between those who refute and those who support the Ba 'Alawi lineage.^[2] According to the Ba 'Alawi side, their claim is accepted by virtually all Niqaba of Muslim countries, notably in Yemen, the Levant, the Maghreb, Iran and the Middle East. Great classical scholars of Islam such as Ibn Hajar al-Haitami or Murtada Al Zabidi have validated the Nasab of the Ba Alawi Sada.^[3]

They follow the Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah methodology on the Shafi'i school in jurisprudence, and the Ash'ari school in faith, and they have their own way of seeking God, which is the Al-Baalawi Tariqah, one of the Sufi orders spread in the Islamic world.^[4]

The Ba 'Alawids are known for preaching Islam. The founder of their order was Muhammad bin Ali Baalawi, known as "Al-Faqih Al-Muqaddam", whom during his time, Sayyid families in Hadhramaut were seen as a threat by other tribes. Due to instability in the region, it was normal during his study that Muhammad bin Ali put a sword on his lap for protection. Muhammad grew tired of the tension and bloodshed in the ranks of the believers thus symbolically broke his sword and announced that his Tariqa and the way of Alawid Sayyids are non-violence and renounced any tariqa that uses violence.^[5] It is believed the dissemination of Islam in Southeast Asia was carried out by traders and clerics of Hadhramaut who transited in India since 15th century as the Sufism and its influences can be traced strongly in the region.^[6][7]

They were at the top of the social ladder in Hadramawt because of their lineage, their social, financial and reformist role among the people, spreading the principles of Islam to the people, establishing mosques and scientific schools, in addition to their advancement in scientific and intellectual centers that made them occupy the top of the society.^[8]