Back دنف Arabic Kaheksija BS Caquèxia Catalan Kachexie Czech Kakeksi Danish Kachexie German Καχεξία Greek Kaĥeksio Esperanto Caquexia Spanish کاشکسی Persian

Cachexia

"Wasting syndrome" redirects here. For the process by which a debilitating disease causes muscle and fat tissue to "waste" away, see wasting.
Cachexia
Other namesWasting syndrome
Patient with cancer-associated cachexia
SpecialtyOncology, Internal Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Symptomssudden weight loss, altered eating signals
Prognosisvery poor
Frequency1%
Deaths1.5 to 2 million people a year

Cachexia (/kəˈkɛksiə/[1]) is a complex syndrome linked to underlying illness, causing ongoing muscle loss that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional supplementation.[2] It is most commonly seen in diseases like cancer, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and AIDS.[3][4] These conditions are believed to disrupt inflammatory, metabolic, and neuro-modulatory processes, which are believed to cause harmful changes in metabolism and body composition over time.[5] Unlike weight loss caused by not eating enough, cachexia primarily involves muscle loss, with or without fat loss.[6] Diagnosing cachexia is challenging due to the lack of clear criteria, and treatments beyond addressing the underlying illness have had limited success. Similarly to malnutrition, which is believed to increase morbidity and mortality and decrease quality of life, cachexia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.[7][8][9] However, the specific impact of cachexia on quality of life is not well studied.[10]

  1. ^ "Cachexia | Definition of Cachexia by Lexico". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference :10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cederholm, T.; Barazzoni, R.; Austin, P.; Ballmer, P.; Biolo, G.; Bischoff, S.C.; Compher, C.; Correia, I.; Higashiguchi, T.; Holst, M.; Jensen, G.L.; Malone, A.; Muscaritoli, M.; Nyulasi, I.; Pirlich, M. (2017). "ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition". Clinical Nutrition. 36 (1): 49–64. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004. hdl:11368/2883964. PMID 27642056.
  4. ^ Muscaritoli, M.; Anker, S.D.; Argilés, J.; Aversa, Z.; Bauer, J.M.; Biolo, G.; Boirie, Y.; Bosaeus, I.; Cederholm, T.; Costelli, P.; Fearon, K.C.; Laviano, A.; Maggio, M.; Fanelli, F. Rossi; Schneider, S.M. (2009). "Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: Joint document elaborated by Special Interest Groups (SIG) "cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases" and "nutrition in geriatrics"". Clinical Nutrition. 29 (2): 154–159. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.004. PMID 20060626.
  5. ^ Ferrer, Miriam; Anthony, Tracy G.; Ayres, Janelle S.; Biffi, Giulia; Brown, Justin C.; Caan, Bette J.; Cespedes Feliciano, Elizabeth M.; Coll, Anthony P.; Dunne, Richard F.; Goncalves, Marcus D.; Grethlein, Jonas; Heymsfield, Steven B.; Hui, Sheng; Jamal-Hanjani, Mariam; Lam, Jie Min (2023). "Cachexia: A systemic consequence of progressive, unresolved disease". Cell. 186 (9): 1824–1845. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.028. PMC 11059056. PMID 37116469.
  6. ^ Fearon, Kenneth C.H.; Glass, David J.; Guttridge, Denis C. (August 2012). "Cancer Cachexia: Mediators, Signaling, and Metabolic Pathways". Cell Metabolism. 16 (2): 153–166. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.06.011. PMID 22795476.
  7. ^ Norman, Kristina; Pichard, Claude; Lochs, Herbert; Pirlich, Matthias (2008). "Prognostic impact of disease-related malnutrition". Clinical Nutrition. 27 (1): 5–15. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2007.10.007. PMID 18061312.
  8. ^ Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argilés J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, et al. (December 2008). "Cachexia: a new definition". Clinical Nutrition. 27 (6): 793–9. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.013. PMID 18718696. S2CID 206821612.
  9. ^ Bossi, Paolo; Delrio, Paolo; Mascheroni, Annalisa; Zanetti, Michela (2021-06-09). "The Spectrum of Malnutrition/Cachexia/Sarcopenia in Oncology According to Different Cancer Types and Settings: A Narrative Review". Nutrients. 13 (6): 1980. doi:10.3390/nu13061980. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 8226689. PMID 34207529.
  10. ^ Hjermstad, Marianne J.; Jakobsen, Gunnhild; Arends, Jann; Balstad, Trude R.; Brown, Leo R.; Bye, Asta; Coats, Andrew J.S.; Dajani, Olav F.; Dolan, Ross D.; Fallon, Marie T.; Greil, Christine; Grzyb, Alexandra; Kaasa, Stein; Koteng, Lisa H.; May, Anne M. (2024). "Quality of life endpoints in cancer cachexia clinical trials: Systematic review 3 of the cachexia endpoints series". Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. 15 (3): 794–815. doi:10.1002/jcsm.13453. ISSN 2190-5991. PMC 11154790. PMID 38553255.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · View on Wikipedia

Developed by Nelliwinne