Back أسد رأس الرجاء الصالح Arabic Kap şiri Azerbaijani Lleó del Cap Catalan Lev kapský Czech Kapløve Danish Kaplöwe German Λιοντάρι του Ακρωτηρίου Greek Kaba leono Esperanto Panthera leo melanochaitus Spanish شیر دماغه Persian

Cape lion

Cape lion
Male at Jardin des plantes, Paris circa 1860
Male at Jardin des plantes, Paris circa 1860
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Species: P. leo
Subspecies: P. l. melanochaita
Population: †Cape lion

The Cape lion was a lion Panthera leo melanochaita population in South Africa's Natal and Cape Provinces that has been locally extinct since the mid-19th century.[1][2] The type specimen originated at the Cape of Good Hope and was described in 1842.[3]

The Cape lion was once considered a distinct lion subspecies.[4][5] However, phylogeographic analysis has shown that lion populations in Southern and East Africa are closely related.[6][7] In 2017, the subspecies Panthera leo melanochaita was recircumscribed to include all lion populations in Southern and East Africa.[8] Genetic analysis published in 2023 suggests that Cape lions were not particularly distinctive from other Southern African lion populations.[9]

  1. ^ Mazak, V. (1975). "Notes on the Black-maned Lion of the Cape, Panthera leo melanochaita (Ch. H. Smith, 1842) and a Revised List of the Preserved Specimens". Verhandelingen Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (64): 1–44. ISBN 0-7204-8289-5.
  2. ^ Bauer, H.; Packer, C.; Funston, P.F.; Henschel, P. & Nowell, K. (2015). "Panthera leo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015.
  3. ^ Smith, C.H. (1842). "Black maned lion Leo melanochaita". In Jardine, W. (ed.). The Naturalist's Library. Vol. 15. Mammalia. London: Chatto and Windus. p. Plate X, 177.
  4. ^ Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Panthera leo". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 546. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  5. ^ Nowell, K.; Jackson, P. (1996). "Panthera leo" (PDF). Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. pp. 17–21, 37–41. ISBN 978-2-8317-0045-8.
  6. ^ Yamaguchi, N. (2000). "The Barbary lion and the Cape lion: their phylogenetic places and conservation" (PDF). 1. African Lion Working Group News: 9–11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-18. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ Barnett, R.; Yamaguchi, N.; Barnes, I.; Cooper, A. (2006). "Lost populations and preserving genetic diversity in the lion Panthera leo: Implications for its ex situ conservation" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 7 (4): 507–514. Bibcode:2006ConG....7..507B. doi:10.1007/s10592-005-9062-0. S2CID 24190889. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-08-24.
  8. ^ Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11).
  9. ^ de Flamingh, Alida; Gnoske, Thomas P; Rivera-Colón, Angel G; Simeonovski, Velizar A; Kerbis Peterhans, Julian C; Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki; Witt, Kelsey E; Catchen, Julian; Roca, Alfred L; Malhi, Ripan Singh (2024-03-13). Murphy, William (ed.). "Genomic analysis supports Cape Lion population connectivity prior to colonial eradication and extinction". Journal of Heredity. 115 (2): 155–165. doi:10.1093/jhered/esad081. PMID 38150491.
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