Back كاتدرائية شارتر Arabic كاتدرائيه شارتر ARZ Catedral de Chartres AST Şartr kafedralı Azerbaijani Шартрскі сабор Byelorussian Шартраўская катэдра BE-X-OLD Нотр Дам дьо Шартър Bulgarian Catedral de Chartres Catalan Katedrála Notre-Dame (Chartres) Czech Eglwys Gadeiriol Chartres Welsh
| Chartres Cathedral | |
|---|---|
Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres | |
 _08.jpg)    Chartres Cathedral | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Catholic Church |
| Province | Diocese of Chartres |
| Rite | Roman |
| Ecclesiastical or organizational status | Cathedral |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 16 Cloître Notre Dame, 28000 Chartres, France |
  Shown within France | |
| Geographic coordinates | 48°26′52″N 1°29′16″E / 48.44778°N 1.48778°E |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Church |
| Style | French Gothic, Romanesque, High Gothic |
| Groundbreaking | 1126 (Romanesque) 1194 (Gothic) |
| Completed | 1252 |
| Website | |
| cathedrale-chartres Towers | |
| Criteria | Cultural: i, ii, iv |
| Reference | 81 |
| Inscription | 1979 (3rd Session) |
| Official name | cathédrale Notre-Dame, Chartres |
| Designated | 1862[1] |
| Reference no. | IA28000005 |
Chartres Cathedral, (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres, lit., Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres), is a Catholic cathedral in Chartres, France, about 80 km (50 miles) southwest of Paris, and is the seat of the Bishop of Chartres. Dedicated in honour of the Virgin Mary ('Our Lady'), it was mostly constructed between 1194 and 1220, it stands on the site of at least five cathedrals that have occupied the site since the Diocese of Chartres was formed as an episcopal see in the 4th century. It is one of the best-known and most influential examples of High Gothic[2] and Classic Gothic architecture,[3][4][5] It was built above earlier Romanesque basements, while its north spire is more recent (1507–1513) and is built in the more ornate Flamboyant style.[6]
"[O]ne of the most beautiful and historically significant cathedrals in all of Europe,"[7] it was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979, which called it "the high point of French Gothic art" and a "masterpiece".[8]
The cathedral has been well-preserved and restored: the majority of the original stained glass windows survive intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. The building's exterior is dominated by heavy flying buttresses which allowed the architects to increase the window size significantly, while the west end is dominated by two contrasting spires – a 105-metre (349 ft) plain pyramid completed around 1160 and the 113-metre (377 ft) Flamboyant (late Gothic) spire on top of an older tower. Its three great façades are adorned with hundreds of sculpted figures illustrating key theological themes and narratives.
Since at least the 12th century the cathedral has been an important destination for travellers. It attracts large numbers of Christian pilgrims, many of whom come to venerate its famous relic, the Sancta Camisa, said to be the tunic worn by the Virgin Mary at Christ's birth, as well as large numbers of secular tourists who come to admire the cathedral's architecture and art. A venerated Black Madonna statue enshrined within was crowned by Pope Pius IX on 31 May 1855.
- ^ "Mérimée database". French government. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "The High Gothic years (c. 1250–1300), "Encyclopaedia Britannica" on-line edition, retrieved 12 May,
- ^ "L'art gothique à la conquête de l'Europe". www.lhistoire.fr. Archived from the original on 20 June 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
- ^ Wilfried Koch, Baustilkunde, 33rd edition 2016, p. 170:
- Chartres, 2. H. 12. Jh. bis 1260, am Ende der Frühgotik. Sein 3-zoniger Wandaufbau (Arkade – Triforium – Obergaden) setzt sich ich der Hochgotik allgemein durch. Erhöhung der Arkade und (geringer:) der Fenster.
- 4-teiliges Rippengewölbe …
- (Transalation:)
- Chartres, 2nd half of C XII until 1260, in the end of Early Gothic. Its elevation of three levels (arcades – triforium – clerestory) became generally accepted/applied in High Gothic. Enhancement of the arcades and (less) of the windows.
- 4 area rib vaults …
- ^ "Chartres Cathedral | History, Interior, Stained Glass, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 25 September 2023. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
- ^ "Encyclopaedia Britannica" "Chartres Cathedral"
- ^ Hassner, Ron E. (2016). Religion on the Battlefield. Cornell University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-1501703683. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
- ^ "Chartres Cathedral". UNESCO World Heritage Center. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2021.