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The terms Christendom or Christian world[2][3] commonly refer to the global Christian community, Christian states, Christian-majority countries or countries in which Christianity is dominant[4] or prevails.[2]
Following the spread of Christianity from the Levant to Europe and North Africa during the early Roman Empire, Christendom has been divided in the pre-existing Greek East and Latin West. After the Great schism of 1054, two main branches within Christianity emerged, centred around the cities of Rome (Western Christianity, whose community was called Western or Latin Christendom[5]) and Constantinople (Eastern Christianity, whose community was called Eastern Christendom[6]). After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Latin Christendom rose to a central role in the Western world.[7] Following the reformation, protestantism emerged as the third main branch of Christianity in the 16th century. The history of the Christian world spans about 2,000 years and includes a variety of socio-political developments, as well as advancements in the arts, architecture, literature, science, philosophy, politics and technology.[8][9][10]
- ^ "Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population" (PDF). Pew Research Center.
- ^ a b See Merriam-Webster.com : dictionary, "Christendom"
- ^ Marty, Martin (2008). The Christian World: A Global History. Random House Publishing Group. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-58836-684-9.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ixHallwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Chazan, Robert (2006). The Jews of Medieval Western Christendom: 1000-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. xi. ISBN 9780521616645. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
- ^ Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "christendom. §1.3 Scheidingen". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.
- ^ Chazan, p. 5.
- ^ Dawson, Christopher; Olsen, Glenn (1961). Crisis in Western Education (reprint ed.). CUA Press. ISBN 978-0-8132-1683-6.
- ^ E. McGrath, Alister (2006). Christianity: An Introduction. John Wiley & Sons. p. 336. ISBN 1405108991.
- ^ "Review of How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization by Thomas Woods, Jr". National Review Book Service. Archived from the original on 22 August 2006. Retrieved 16 September 2006.