Back مجلس شيوخ بيرو Arabic Congresu de la República del Perú AST Кангрэс Рэспублікі Перу Byelorussian Congrés de la República del Perú Catalan Kongress der Republik Peru German Kongreso de la Respubliko Peruo Esperanto Congreso de la República del Perú Spanish Congrès de la République (Pérou) French הקונגרס של פרו HE Kongres Republik Peru ID

Congress of the Republic of Peru

12°02′53″S 77°01′30″W / 12.04806°S 77.02500°W / -12.04806; -77.02500

Congress of the Republic

Congreso de la República
Period 2021–2026
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
Established20 September 1822
(First Constituent Congress)
26 July 1995
(1995 Peruvian general election)
Leadership
President of Congress
1st Vice President of Congress
Patricia Juárez, Popular Force
since 26 July 2024
2nd Vice President of Congress
Waldemar Cerrón, Free Peru
since 26 July 2023
3rd Vice President of Congress
Alejandro Cavero, Go on Country
since 26 July 2024
Structure
Seats130
Political groups
SalaryS/187,200 Annually
Elections
Constituencies using proportional representation
with a 5%[1] threshold
Last election
11 April 2021
Next election
2026
Meeting place
Palacio Legislativo
Plaza Bolívar, Lima
Republic of Peru
Website
congreso.gob.pe

The Congress of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral body that assumes legislative power in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the Constitution of Peru, the President of Peru can be removed by Congress without cause, effectively making the legislature more powerful than the executive branch.[2][3] Following a ruling in February 2023 by the Constitutional Court of Peru, the body tasked with interpreting the Constitution of Peru and whose members are directly chosen by Congress, judicial oversight of the legislative body was also removed by the court, essentially giving Congress absolute control of Peru's government.[4][5][6] Since the 2021 Peruvian general election, right wing parties held a majority in the legislature.[7][8][9] The largest represented leftist party in Congress, Free Peru, has subsequently aligned itself with conservative and Fujimorists parties within Congress due to their institutional power.[10]

Congress's composition is established by Chapter I of Title IV of the Constitution of Peru. Congress is composed of representatives who sit in congressional districts allocated to each region, as well as two special districts, Lima Province and Peruvian citizens living abroad, on a basis of population as measured by the Peruvian Census in multi-member districts. The number of voting representatives is fixed by the Constitution at 130. Pursuant to the 2017 Census, the largest delegation is that of Lima Province, with 36 representatives.

Congress is charged with the responsibility to pass laws and legislative resolutions, as well as to interpret, amend, or repeal existing laws. Congress also ratifies international treaties, approves the national budget, and authorizes loans on behalf of the country. It may also override presidential observations to bills by a vote of more than half the legal number of congressmen. It can also remove government official including the President, consent to the entry of foreign troops into the national territory, and authorize the President to leave the country. Congress meets at the Legislative Palace in Lima.

The presiding officer is the President of Congress, who is elected by the members thereof (and is therefore traditionally the leader of the controlling party). The President and three vice-presidents are chosen by the controlling governing coalition.

  1. ^ "Peru's small political parties scramble to survive".
  2. ^ Asensio, Raúl; Camacho, Gabriela; González, Natalia; Grompone, Romeo; Pajuelo Teves, Ramón; Peña Jimenez, Omayra; Moscoso, Macarena; Vásquez, Yerel; Sosa Villagarcia, Paolo (August 2021). El Profe: Cómo Pedro Castillo se convirtió en presidente del Perú y qué pasará a continuación (in Spanish) (1 ed.). Lima, Peru: Institute of Peruvian Studies. p. 92. ISBN 978-612-326-084-2. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  3. ^ Taj, Mitra (7 December 2021). "'Too many mistakes': Peru's president threatened with impeachment after shaky start". Financial Times. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  4. ^ Romero, César (28 February 2023). "Tribunal Constitucional falla a favor del Congreso, que tendrá un poder absoluto y sin control judicial". La República (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  5. ^ Romero, César (25 February 2023). "El Tribunal Constitucional está destruyendo el régimen democrático del país". La República (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  6. ^ Cárdenas, Abel (5 March 2023). "Congreso doblega el equilibrio de poderes en medio de la convulsión social en Perú". Ojo Público (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 March 2023.
  7. ^  • "Peru's Castillo will struggle to stay in office". Oxford Analytica. Emerald Expert Briefings. oxan–db (oxan–db). 11 August 2022. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB272027. The far-right parties in Congress -- Renovacion Popular (Popular Renewal) and Avanza Pais (Forward Country)
  8. ^ Tegel, Simeon (27 March 2023). "Peru's First Female President Has Blood on Her Hands". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 6 June 2023. social conservatism, which has been one of the few areas of common ground between Free Peru's presidential administrations and the hard-right congressional majority
  9. ^ "Ofensiva contra los fiscales del caso Lava Jato". IDL Reporteros (in Spanish). 16 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023. Fuerza Popular is an important part of the far-right coalition that controls Congress
  10. ^ "Ni siquiera topo: apenas tapón". IDL-Reporteros (in Spanish). 22 May 2023. Retrieved 26 May 2023.
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