Back قزما ودميان Arabic Казьма і Даміян Byelorussian Козма и Дамян Bulgarian Cosme i Damià, màrtirs Catalan Kosma a Damián Czech Kosmas und Damian German Κοσμάς και Δαμιανός Greek Kosmaso kaj Damiano Esperanto Cosme y Damián Spanish قدیسان کوسمان و دامیان Persian
Cosmas and Damian | |
|---|---|
 Cosmas (left) and Damian (right) in the Grandes Heures of Anne of Brittany, c. 1503–1508 | |
| Martyrs | |
| Born | c. 3rd century AD Arabia |
| Died | c. 287 or c. 303 Aegea, Roman province of Cilicia (modern-day Yumurtalık, Adana, Turkey) |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Churches Oriental Orthodox Churches Eastern Catholic Churches Anglican churches Lutheran churches |
| Major shrine | Convent of the Poor Clares in Madrid, Basilica of Saints Cosmas and Damian in Rome, and Bitonto, Bari, Italy |
| Feast |
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| Attributes | Depicted as twins, beheaded, or with medical emblems |
| Patronage | Surgeons, physicians, identical twins, twins, dentists, protectors of children, barbers, pharmacists, veterinarians, orphanages, day-care centers, confectioners, children in house, against hernia, against the plague. |
Cosmas and Damian[a] (c. 3rd century – c. 287 or c. 303 AD) were two Arab physicians and early Christian martyrs.[3][4] They practised their profession in the seaport of Aegeae, then in the Roman province of Cilicia.[5]
Cosmas and Damian were third century Arabian-born twin brothers who embraced Christianity and practised medicine and surgery without a fee. This led them to being named anargyroi (from the Greek Ἀνάργυροι, "the silverless" or "unmercenaries"); by this, they attracted many to the Christian faith.[6] They reputedly cured blindness, fever, paralysis and reportedly expelled a serpent. They were arrested by Lysias, governor of Cilicia (modern-day Çukurova, Turkey) during the Diocletian persecution because of their faith and fame as healers. Emperor Diocletian, who favoured the worship of the Olympian gods, issued a series of edicts that condemned the Christians with the goal of eliminating Christianity from the Roman Empire.[7]
- ^ Great Synaxaristes: Οἱ Ἅγιοι Κοσμᾶς καὶ Δαμιανός οἱ Ἀνάργυροι καὶ Θαυματουργοί Archived 3 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 1 Νοεμβρίου, ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
- ^ Wonderworker and Unmercenary Cosmas of Asia Minor Archived 16 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Orthodox Church in America (OCA) - Feasts and Saints.
- ^ Byzantium and the Arabs in the sixth century Irfan Shahid
- ^ Cyril Elgood (31 October 2010). A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate - From the Earliest Times Until the Year A.D. 1932. Cambridge University Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-1-108-01588-2.
- ^ Richard Stracke. "Saints Cosmas and Damian: Art, Iconography, Legends". christianiconography.info. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
- ^ "Catholic Encyclopedia - "Sts. Cosmas and Damian"". Archived from the original on 27 August 2005. Retrieved 20 August 2005.
- ^ Wong, Szu Shen (26 September 2016). "Saint Cosmas and Damian - the patron saints of pharmacy and medicine". The Pharmaceutical Journal. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
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