Back معوية البراز Arabic معوية البراز ARZ Enterococcus faecalis Catalan Enterococcus faecalis German Enterococcus faecalis Spanish Enterococcus faecalis Basque انتروکوک فکالیس Persian Enterococcus faecalis French Enterococcus faecalis Galician Enterococcus faecalis Hungarian
| Enterococcus faecalis | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Bacillati |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Lactobacillales |
| Family: | Enterococcaceae |
| Genus: | Enterococcus |
| Species: | E. faecalis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder, 1906) Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz, 1984
| |
Enterococcus faecalis – formerly classified as part of the group D Streptococcus, is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium naturally inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans.[1][2] Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis is found in healthy humans and can be used as a probiotic. The probiotic strains such as Symbioflor1 and EF-2001 are characterized by the lack of specific genes related to drug resistance and pathogenesis.[3]
Despite its commensal role, E. faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing severe infections, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) settings.[4] Enterococcus spp. is among the leading causes of healthcare-associated infections ranging from endocarditis to urinary tract infections (UTIs). Hospital-acquired UTIs are associated with catheterization because catheters provide an ideal surface for biofilm formation, allowing E. faecalis to adhere, persist, and evade both the immune response and antibiotic treatment.[4]
E. faecalis is able to grow in extreme environments due to its highly adaptive genome and lack of strong defense mechanisms.[4] Its ability to easily acquire and transfer genes across species contributes to rising antibiotic resistance. E. faecalis exhibits intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics, including oxazolidinones, quinolones, and most β -lactams, such as cephalosporins.[4][5]
E. faecalis has been frequently found in reinfected, root canal-treated teeth in prevalence values ranging from 30% to 90% of the cases.[6] Re-infected root canal-treated teeth are about nine times more likely to harbor E. faecalis than cases of primary infections.[7]
- ^ de Almeida CV, Taddei A, Amedei A (2018-01-01). "The controversial role of Enterococcus faecalis in colorectal cancer". Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. 11. SAGE Publications: 1756284818783606. doi:10.1177/1756284818783606. PMC 6044108. PMID 30013618.
- ^ Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 294–295. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ Panthee S, Paudel A, Hamamoto H, Ogasawara AA, Iwasa T, Blom J, et al. (May 2021). "Complete genome sequence and comparative genomic analysis of Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001, a probiotic bacterium". Genomics. 113 (3): 1534–1542. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.021. PMID 33771633.
- ^ a b c d Codelia-Anjum A, Lerner LB, Elterman D, Zorn KC, Bhojani N, Chughtai B (2023-04-19). "Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections: A Review of the Pathogenicity, Epidemiology, and Treatment". Antibiotics. 12 (4): 778. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12040778. ISSN 2079-6382. PMC 10135011. PMID 37107140.
- ^ Moryl M, Szychowska P, Dziąg J, Różalski A, Torzewska A (2024-12-24). "The Combination of Phage Therapy and β-Lactam Antibiotics for the Effective Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Infections". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 26 (1): 11. doi:10.3390/ijms26010011. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 11719584. PMID 39795870.
- ^ Molander A, Reit C, Dahlén G, Kvist T (January 1998). "Microbiological status of root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis". International Endodontic Journal. 31 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.1998.t01-1-00111.x. PMID 9823122.
- ^ Rôças IN, Siqueira JF, Santos KR (May 2004). "Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases". Journal of Endodontics. 30 (5): 315–320. doi:10.1097/00004770-200405000-00004. PMID 15107642.