Back قانون فيتس Arabic Закон на Фитс Bulgarian Llei de Fitts Catalan Fitts’ Gesetz German Νόμος του Φιτ Greek Ley de Fitts Spanish Fittsi seadus Estonian Loi de Fitts French Hukum Fitts ID Legge di Fitts Italian

Fitts's law

A simple line drawing of a target box with a side length of W and distance to it D
Fitts's law: draft of target size W and distance to target D

Fitts's law (often cited as Fitts' law) is a predictive model of human movement primarily used in human–computer interaction and ergonomics. The law predicts that the time required to rapidly move to a target area is a function of the ratio between the distance to the target and the width of the target.[1] Fitts's law is used to model the act of pointing, either by physically touching an object with a hand or finger, or virtually, by pointing to an object on a computer monitor using a pointing device. It was initially developed by Paul Fitts.

Fitts's law has been shown to apply under a variety of conditions; with many different limbs (hands, feet,[2] the lower lip,[3] head-mounted sights[4]), manipulanda (input devices),[5] physical environments (including underwater[6]), and user populations (young, old,[7] special educational needs,[8] and drugged participants[9]).

  1. ^ Fitts, Paul M. (June 1954). "The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 47 (6): 381–391. doi:10.1037/h0055392. PMID 13174710. S2CID 501599.
  2. ^ Hoffmann, Errol R. (1991). "A comparison of hand and foot movement times". Ergonomics. 34 (4): 397–406. doi:10.1080/00140139108967324. PMID 1860460.
  3. ^ Jose, Marcelo Archajo; Lopes, Roleli (2015). "Human–computer interface controlled by the lip". IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. 19 (1): 302–308. doi:10.1109/JBHI.2014.2305103. PMID 25561451.
  4. ^ So, R. H. Y.; Griffin, M. J. (2000). "Effects of target movement direction cue on head-tracking performance". Ergonomics. 43 (3): 360–376. doi:10.1080/001401300184468. PMID 10755659. S2CID 40311484.
  5. ^ MacKenzie, I. Scott; Sellen, A.; Buxton, W. A. S. (1991). "A comparison of input devices in element pointing and dragging tasks". Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '91. pp. 161–166. doi:10.1145/108844.108868. ISBN 978-0897913836. S2CID 7637584.
  6. ^ Kerr, R (1973). "Movement time in an underwater environment". Journal of Motor Behavior. 5 (3): 175–178. doi:10.1080/00222895.1973.10734962. PMID 23961747.
  7. ^ Brogmus, G (1991). "Effects of age and sex on speed and accuracy of hand movements: And the refinements they suggest for Fitts's law". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting. 35 (3): 208–212. doi:10.1177/154193129103500311. S2CID 143675256.
  8. ^ Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M.; Wilson, P. H.; Westenberg, Y.; Duysens, J. (2003). "Fine motor deficiencies in children with developmental coordination disorder and learning disabilities: An underlying open-loop control deficit". Human Movement Science. 22 (4–5): 495–513. doi:10.1016/j.humov.2003.09.006. PMID 14624830.
  9. ^ Kvålseth, T. O. (1977). "Effects of marijuana on human reaction time and motor control". Perceptual and Motor Skills. 45 (3): 935–939. doi:10.2466/pms.1977.45.3.935. PMID 600655. S2CID 39382776.
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