Francs-Tireurs et Partisans

Francs-tireurs et partisans
Francs-tireurs et partisans français
Paratroopers and FTP members during the Battle of Normandy, summer 1944
Leaders	Charles Tillon Jules Dumont Georges Vallet Albert Ouzoulias Eugène Hénaff René Camphin
Dates of operation	October 1941 - February 1, 1944
Group(s)	FTP-MOI National Front
Ideology	Communism Anti-fascism
Political position	Far-left
Part of	French Communist Party
Allies	Soviet Union Free France United Kingdom United States
Opponents	Nazi Germany Vichy France Italy
Battles and wars	French Resistance Normandy Campaign

The Francs-tireurs et partisans français^[a] (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃ tiʁœʁ e paʁtizɑ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛ], FTPF), or commonly the Francs-tireurs et partisans (FTP), was an armed resistance organization created by leaders of the French Communist Party during World War II (1939–45). The communist party was neutral at first, following the Soviet Union's official view that the war was a struggle between imperialists, but changed to a policy of armed resistance against the German occupation of France after Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941.^[1] Three groups were formed, consisting of party members, young communists and foreign workers. Early in 1942 they were merged to form the FTP, which undertook sabotage and assassinations of the occupation. The FTP became the best organized and most effective of the French Resistance groups. In March 1944, before the Allied forces returned to Normandy, the FTP was theoretically merged with the other Resistance groups. In practice, it retained its independence until the end of the war.

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