Back حزب الحرية والائتلاف Arabic Partit de la llibertat i de l'Entesa Catalan Freiheits- und Einigkeitspartei German Partiya Xoseriye u Pêameyışi DIQ Ազատություն և համաձայնություն (կուսակցություն) Armenian Partai Kebebasan dan Keselarasan ID Partito Libertà e Accordo Italian Свобода и согласие Russian Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası Turkish
Freedom and Accord Party حریت و ایتلاف فرقهسی Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | H-İ or HİF |
| Leader | Damat Ferid Pasha Müşir Fuat Pasha Miralay Sadık Şerif Pasha |
| Founded | 21 November 1911 |
| Dissolved | 1919 |
| Preceded by | Liberty Party |
| Headquarters | Şehzadebaşı, Istanbul |
| Newspaper | Teminat Mes'ûliyet |
| Military wing | Saviour Officers |
| Ideology | Liberalism Conservatism Ottomanism Decentralisation Civic nationalism Constitutionalism |
The Freedom and Accord Party (Ottoman Turkish: حریت و ایتلاف فرقهسی, romanized: Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası)[1] was a liberal Ottoman political party active between 1911–1913 and 1918–1919, during the Second Constitutional Era.[2] It was the most significant opposition to Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) in the Chamber of Deputies. The political programme of the party advocated for Ottomanism, government decentralisation, the rights of ethnic minorities, and close relations with Britain.[3]
In the post-1918 Ottoman Empire, the party became known for its attempts to suppress and prosecute the CUP. In both of its periods of existence, the party struggled with internal divisions among its diverse factions (infighting), which led to ineffectiveness in achieving its political goals and disorganization in presenting a cohesive opposition to the CUP. These challenges severely limited its ability to function as a stable and impactful political force.
- ^ Aydoğdu, Nergiz (25 December 2020). "Türk Siyasal Düşüncesinde "Egemenlik" Anlayışının Dönüşümü: Milli Meşrutiyet Fırkasının "Milli Egemenlik" Yorumu" [Transformation of the Concept of "Sovereignty" in Turkish Political Thought: "National Sovereignty" Interpretation of the National Constitutional Monarchy Party]. Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics. 15 (4): 1917–1936. doi:10.47644/TurkishStudies.46452 – via TRDizin.
- ^ "The Ottoman Empire | History of Western Civilization II". courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- ^ Gawrych 2006, p. 190.