Growth/differentiation factor 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF15 gene. GDF15 was first identified as Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 or MIC-1.[5]
It is a protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. Under normal conditions, GDF15 is expressed in low concentrations in most organs and upregulated because of injury of organs such as liver, kidney, heart and lung.[6][7][8]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000130513 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038508 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Bootcov MR, Bauskin AR, Valenzuela SM, Moore AG, Bansal M, He XY, et al. (October 1997). "MIC-1, a novel macrophage inhibitory cytokine, is a divergent member of the TGF-beta superfamily". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94 (21): 11514–11519. Bibcode:1997PNAS...9411514B. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.21.11514. PMC 23523. PMID 9326641.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
zimmerswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Hsiao EC, Koniaris LG, Zimmers-Koniaris T, Sebald SM, Huynh TV, Lee SJ (May 2000). "Characterization of growth-differentiation factor 15, a transforming growth factor beta superfamily member induced following liver injury". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (10): 3742–3751. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.10.3742-3751.2000. PMC 85678. PMID 10779363.
- ^ Ago T, Sadoshima J (February 2006). "GDF15, a cardioprotective TGF-beta superfamily protein". Circulation Research. 98 (3): 294–297. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000207919.83894.9d. PMID 16484622.