Founded | 1978-1980[1][2] |
---|---|
Founded by | Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, Rafael Caro Quintero, Ernesto Fonseca Carrillo, Juan José Esparragoza Moreno |
Founding location | Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico[3][2] |
Years active | 1980–1989 |
Territory | Mexico: Jalisco, Tijuana, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Nayarit, San Luis Potosí, Colima, Sonora, Zacatecas |
Ethnicity | Mexican |
Criminal activities | Drug trafficking, money laundering, extortion, murder, torture, arms trafficking and political corruption. |
Allies | Tijuana Cartel Medellín Cartel Cali Cartel Norte del Valle Cartel Sinaloa Cartel Juárez Cartel Sonora Cartel |
Rivals | Gulf Cartel DEA |
The Guadalajara Cartel (Spanish: Cártel de Guadalajara), also known as The Federation (Spanish: La Federación), was a Mexican drug cartel which was formed in the late 1970s by Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, Rafael Caro Quintero, and Ernesto Fonseca Carrillo in order to ship cocaine and marijuana to the United States.[4][5] Among the first of the Mexican drug trafficking groups to work with the Colombian cocaine mafias, the Guadalajara Cartel prospered from the cocaine trade.[6] Throughout the 1980s, the cartel controlled much of the drug trafficking in Mexico and the corridors along the Mexico–United States border.[4][2] It had operations in various regions in Mexico which included the states of Jalisco, Baja California, Colima, Sonora, Chihuahua and Sinaloa among others. Multiple modern present day drug cartels (or their remnants) such as the Tijuana, Juárez and Sinaloa cartels originally started out as branches or "plazas" of the Guadalajara Cartel before its eventual disintegration.[7][8]