Back غوافينيسين Arabic قایافنزین AZB Guaiffenesin Welsh Guaifenesin German Guaifenesina Spanish گایافنزین Persian Guaifenesiini Finnish Guaïfénésine French Guaifenesin ID Guaifenesina Italian
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| Pronunciation | /ɡwaɪˈfɛnɪsɪn/[1] |
| Trade names | Mucinex, others |
| Other names | Glyceryl guaiacolate |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682494 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Expectorant |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Kidney |
| Elimination half-life | 1–5 hours[3] |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.021 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C10H14O4 |
| Molar mass | 198.218 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Guaifenesin, also known as glyceryl guaiacolate, is an expectorant medication taken by mouth and marketed as an aid to eliminate sputum from the respiratory tract. Chemically, it is an ether of guaiacol and glycerine. It may be used in combination with other medications.[4] A 2014 study found that guaifenesin does not affect sputum volume in upper respiratory infections (the upper respiratory system includes most breathing parts above the lungs).[5][6]
Side effects may include dizziness, sleepiness, skin rash, and nausea.[4] While it has not been properly studied in pregnancy, it appears to be safe.[7] It has been alleged to work in 2023[4] by making airway secretions more liquid, even as it has been demonstrated not to work.[5][6]
Guaifenesin has been used medically since at least 1933.[8] It is available as a generic medication and over-the-counter (OTC).[4][7] In 2022, it was the 295th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 400,000 prescriptions.[9][10] In 2022, the combination dextromethorphan/guaifenesin was the 290th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 400,000 prescriptions.[9][11]
- ^ "Guaifenesin Definition & Meaning". Merriam-Webster.
- ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ Aluri JB, Stavchansky S (1993). "Determination of guaifenesin in human plasma by liquid chromatography in the presence of pseudoephedrine". J Pharm Biomed Anal. 11 (9): 803–808. doi:10.1016/0731-7085(93)80072-9. PMID 8218524.
- ^ a b c d "Guaifenesin: Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 23 January 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
- ^ a b Hoffer-Schaefer A, Rozycki HJ, Yopp MA, Rubin BK (May 2014). "Guaifenesin has no effect on sputum volume or sputum properties in adolescents and adults with acute respiratory tract infections". Respiratory Care. 59 (5): 631–636. doi:10.4187/respcare.02640. PMID 24003241.
- ^ a b O'Connell OJ (May 2014). "Is extended-release guaifenesin no better than a placebo?". Respir Care. 59 (5): 788–9. doi:10.4187/respcare.03319. PMID 24789023.
- ^ a b Weiner CP, Rope K (2013). The Complete Guide to Medications During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Everything You Need to Know to Make the Best Choices for You and Your Baby. St. Martin's Press. p. PT282. ISBN 9781250037206.
- ^ Riviere JE, Papich MG (2013). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. John Wiley & Sons. p. 287. ISBN 9781118685907.
- ^ a b "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ "Guaifenesin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ "Dextromethorphan; Guaifenesin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.