Hans Birch Dahlerup (25 August 1790, Hillerød – 26 September 1872, Frederiksberg) was a Danish admiral and baron . He was among Denmark's most important naval strategists in the 19th century. Dahlerup rose through the ranks to become rear admiral in the Royal Danish Navy. He also served as Vice Admiral and Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Austrian Navy after the Revolution of 1848. Dahlerup rebuilt the Austrian naval forces and led the blockade and recapture of Venice in 1849. For these efforts, he was knighted by Emperor Franz Joseph.
Dahlerup had a broad interest in culture and science. He was fluent in German, English, French and Italian as foreign languages. He wrote his memoirs, published in four volumes after his death.