Human trafficking

Human trafficking is the act of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harboring, or receiving individuals through force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of exploitation. This exploitation may include forced labor, sexual slavery, or other forms of commercial sexual exploitation. It is considered a serious violation of human rights and a form of modern slavery. Efforts to combat human trafficking involve international laws, national policies, and non-governmental organizations. [1][2]

Human trafficking can occur both within a single country or across national borders. It is distinct from people smuggling, which involves the consent of the individual being smuggled and typically ends upon arrival at the destination. In contrast, human trafficking involves exploitation and a lack of consent, often through force, fraud, or coercion. Human trafficking is widely condemned as a violation of human rights by international agreements such as the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons. Despite this condemnation, legal protections and enforcement vary significantly across countries. Globally, millions of individuals, including women, men, and children, are estimated to be victims of human trafficking, enduring forced labor, sexual exploitation, and other forms of abuse.[3][4]

  1. ^ "UNODC on human trafficking and migrant smuggling". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
  2. ^ Zimmerman, Cathy; Kiss, Ligia (2017). "Human trafficking and exploitation: A global health concern". PLOS Medicine. 14 (11): e1002437. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002437. PMC 5699819. PMID 29166396.
  3. ^ Trafficking Institute website, Breaking Down Global Estimates of Human Trafficking: Human Trafficking Awareness Month 2022’, article by Emma Ecker dated January 12, 2022
  4. ^ US Government State Department website, About Human Trafficking, article dated 2022

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