Back هيدروكسيلامين Arabic Hidroksilamin Azerbaijani هیدروکسیلآمین AZB Hidroxilamina Catalan Hydroxylamin Czech Hydroxylamin German Υδροξυλαμίνη Greek Hidroksilamino Esperanto Hidroxilamina Spanish Hidroxilamina Basque
 | |
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Azinous acid
| |
| Preferred IUPAC name
Hydroxylamine (only preselected[1]) | |
Other names
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.327 |
| EC Number |
|
| 478 | |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | Hydroxylamine |
PubChem CID
|
|
| RTECS number |
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| NH2OH | |
| Molar mass | 33.030 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Vivid white, opaque crystals |
| Density | 1.21 g cm−3 (at 20 °C)[2] |
| Melting point | 33 °C (91 °F; 306 K) |
| Boiling point | 58 °C (136 °F; 331 K) /22 mm Hg (decomposes) |
| Soluble | |
| log P | −0.758 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 6.03 ([NH3OH]+) |
| Basicity (pKb) | 7.97 |
| Structure | |
| Tricoordinated at N, dicoordinated at O | |
| Trigonal pyramidal at N, bent at O | |
| 0.67553 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
|
46.47 J/(K·mol) |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
236.18 J/(K·mol) |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−39.9 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
    
| |
| Danger | |
| H200, H290, H302, H312, H315, H317, H318, H335, H351, H373, H400 | |
| P201, P202, P234, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P372, P373, P380, P390, P391, P401, P403+P233, P404, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 129 °C (264 °F; 402 K) |
| 265 °C (509 °F; 538 K) | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
|
408 mg/kg (oral, mouse); 59–70 mg/kg (intraperitoneal mouse, rat); 29 mg/kg (subcutaneous, rat)[3] |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0661 |
| Related compounds | |
Related hydroxylammonium salts
|
|
Related compounds
|
|
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Hydroxylamine (also known as hydroxyammonia) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NH2OH. The compound exists as hygroscopic colorless crystals.[4] Hydroxylamine is almost always provided and used as an aqueous solution or more often as one of its salts such as hydroxylammonium sulfate, a water-soluble solid.
Hydroxylamine and its salts are consumed almost exclusively to produce Nylon-6. The oxidation of NH3 to hydroxylamine is a step in biological nitrification.[5]
- ^ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 993. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
- ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- ^ Martel, B.; Cassidy, K. (2004). Chemical Risk Analysis: A Practical Handbook. Butterworth–Heinemann. p. 362. ISBN 978-1-903996-65-2.
- ^ Greenwood and Earnshaw. Chemistry of the Elements. 2nd Edition. Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. pp. 431–432. 1997.
- ^ Lawton, Thomas J.; Ham, Jungwha; Sun, Tianlin; Rosenzweig, Amy C. (2014-09-01). "Structural conservation of the B subunit in the ammonia monooxygenase/particulate methane monooxygenase superfamily". Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics. 82 (9): 2263–2267. doi:10.1002/prot.24535. ISSN 1097-0134. PMC 4133332. PMID 24523098.