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Hezbollah, a Shia Islamist political and militant group based in Lebanon, is driven by an ideology that combines religious, political, and social elements. Founded in the early 1980s, Hezbollah's ideology is deeply rooted in Shia Islam and influenced by the Iranian Revolution. Central to its ideology is opposition to Western influence and Israeli occupation, which it frames as a struggle for justice and liberation, while also positioning Islam as a comprehensive solution to social and political issues.[1][2] Hezbollah's ideological framework is articulated through its foundational documents, such as the 1985 "Open Letter" and the 2009 "New Manifesto," which emphasize themes of anti-Zionism, anti-Americanism, and the establishment of an Islamic state governed by Sharia.[3] The movement also advocates for pan-Islamism and pan-Arabism, promoting unity among Muslims and Arabs while supporting Iran as a model of sovereignty.[4]
Despite its religious underpinnings, Hezbollah's ideology is marked by pragmatism, allowing it to adapt to changing political landscapes and integrate into Lebanon's political system. This adaptability is evident in its strategic alliances and its response to regional upheavals, such as the Syrian Civil War, where it prioritizes its material interests and regional influence over strict adherence to ideological dogma.[5]
- ^ "Doctrine of Hezbollah | Wilson Center". www.wilsoncenter.org. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ "What Is Hezbollah? | Council on Foreign Relations". www.cfr.org. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ Alagha, Joseph (2011). Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8555-037-2. JSTOR j.ctt6wp68p.
- ^ "Becoming Hezbollah: The Party's Evolution and Changing Roles". www.brandeis.edu. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ Shalabi, Samir (4 June 2015). "Hezbollah: Ideology, Practice, and the Arab Revolts".