Ishal is the melodic framework within which Mappila Songs are composed.[1] Though identical to tala(metre (music)) and raga of Indian music, it has influences from the ancient folk songs of Kerala and Arabian musical traditions.[2]
Ishals with its distinct tunes convey the emotion and mood of the lyrics being rendered. As mappila songs are also used in mappila performing arts like Oppana, Kolkali, Duffmuttu, etc.; the change in ishals changes the dance moves. [3] Ishals like Kuthirabaravu / Kuthirathalam meaning 'horse rhythm' gives the audience the feel of a galloping horse, with its distinctive rhythmic rendering.[4] [1]
Much of the recorded sources of ishals are Mappila literary works written in Arabi-Malayalam. Moyinkutty Vaidyar's work alone has used numerous different Ishals in composition. Oral transmission is another source of information on various ishals. Researches on Ishals are still underway.[5][6]
- ^ a b "Mappila Muslims: A Study on Society and Anti Colonial Struggles" By Husain Raṇṭattāṇi.
- ^ Abdurahiman.K.P "Mappila heritage: A study in their social and cultural life" Thesis. Department of History, University of Calicut, 2004.
- ^ Abdurahiman.K.P "Mappila heritage: A study in their social and cultural life" Thesis. Department of History, University of Calicut, 2004. Chapter~7 'Mappila Tradition In Folk Arts'.
- ^ "Mappilapaattu or Mappila songs | Muslim songs of Kerala". Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
- ^ Ishal Thanima Audio CD, Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Mappila Kala Academy, Kondotty, Kerala.
- ^ "Mappila Muslims: A Study on Society and Anti Colonial Struggles" By Husain Raṇṭattāṇi.