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KM3NeT

Artist's impression of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope anchored to the seabed.

The Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope, or KM3NeT, is a European research infrastructure located at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. It hosts water Cherenkov neutrino telescopes designed to detect and study neutrinos from disant astrophysical sources as well as from our own atmosphere contributing significantly to both astrophysics and particle physics knowledge. [1]

Arrays of thousands of optical sensor modules detect the faint Cherenkov light in the deep sea from charged particles originating from collisions of the neutrinos and the water or rock in the vicinity of the detector. The position and direction of the optical modules and the time of arrival of the light on the photomultipliers inside is recorded with high precision. Properties of the particles, like their trajectory and energy are reconstructed from these measurements.

Illustration of a neutrino detection in KM3NeT through the Cherenkov effect. A neutrino interacting in the vicinity of the detector produces a charged particle (here a muon). The blue cone represents the Cherenkov light emitted by the particle, which is detected by the grid of optical sensors.

The KM3NeT project foresees the construction of multiple of these detectors in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea along the south coasts of Europe: KM3NeT-Fr (offshore Toulon, France) houses the ORCA (Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) detector, KM3NeT-It (offshore Portopalo di Capo Passero, Sicily, Italy) houses the ARCA (Astroparticle Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) detector. Both detectors are collecting data. KM3NeT-Gr (offshore Pylos, Peloponnese, Greece) is available to expand the KM3NeT Research Infrastructure for a next phase.

The KM3NeT project continues the work done for the neutrino telescope ANTARES operated offshore the coast of France between 2008 and 2022.

The oversight, governance and management of the implementation and operation of KM3NeT is conducted by an international collaboration with more than 68 institutions from 21 countries all over the word being involved. The KM3NeT community consists of about 360 scientists, along with engineers and technicians. [2]

  1. ^ https://www.km3net.org/
  2. ^ https://www.km3net.org/about-km3net/collaboration/
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