The Ludowy Theatre (literally: People's Theatre, Polish: Teatr Ludowy) in Kraków, located at Osiedle Teatralne housing development in district Nowa Huta, opened on 3 December 1955. At that time in the Polish People's Republic, the official policy of socialist realism in art and social life came to an end and de-Stalinization was taking place, heading for its culmination in the events of Polish October. The Ludowy quickly became known as the city's prime avant-garde stage thanks to collaboration of eminent artists, including the theatre theoretician and painter Józef Szajna,[1] Tadeusz Kantor (both from the Academy of Fine Arts), Lidia Zamkow, Krystyna Zachwatowicz, and others.[2]