Back الهنود الماليزيون Arabic Halak India Malaysia BBC Inder in Malaysia German Malesian intialaiset Finnish Indiens de Malaisie French Orang India Malaysia ID 인도계 말레이시아인 Korean Orang India Malaysia Malay Indiase Maleisiërs Dutch Индийцы в Малайзии Russian

Malaysian Indians

Malaysian Indians
Orang India Malaysia
Total population
2,019,600[1]
6.6% of the Malaysian population (2020)[1]
Regions with significant populations
West coast of Peninsular Malaysia (mostly in Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Perak, Penang, Kuala Lumpur, Kedah and Johor)
Singapore (20,483 in 2010)[2]
Languages
Malaysian Tamil/Tamil (majority) • English • Malay • Manglish (creole) • Melayu Chetty • Other Indian languages such as Punjabi, Hindi, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, and others
Religion
Predominantly
Hinduism
Minorities
Christianity · Islam · Buddhism · Sikhism · Jainism · Zoroastrianism · Baháʼí
Related ethnic groups
Indian Tamils, Sri Lankan Tamils, Telugus, Malayalis, Chindians, Chitty, Burmese Tamils, Dravidians, Indian Singaporeans, Indo-Mauritians, Indo-Fijians, Indians in South Africa, Indian diaspora in Southeast Africa, Indo-Caribbeans

Malaysian Indians or Indo-Malaysians are Malaysian citizens of Indian or South Asian ancestry. Most are descendants of those who migrated from India to British Malaya from the mid-19th to the mid-20th centuries.[3][4] Most Malaysian Indians are ethnic Tamils; smaller groups include the Malayalees, Telugus and Punjabis. Malaysian Indians form the fifth-largest community of Overseas Indians in the world.[5] In Malaysia, they represent the third-largest group, constituting 7% of the Malaysian population, after the Bumiputera (combined grouping of ethnic Malays and other indigenous groups) and the Chinese.[1] They are usually referred to simply as "Indians" in English, Orang India in Malay, "Yin du ren" in Chinese.

Malaysia's Indian population is notable for its class stratification, with a significant elite and a large low income group within its fold.[6][7] Malaysian Indians large percentage of professionals per capita by constituting 15.5% of Malaysia's professionals in 1999 has been reduced with substantial population close to 40% is now considered the B40 category.[8][6] In the 1984 census, up to 38% of the nation's medical professional workforce consisted of Malaysian Indians, but this has been since been reduced.[8][9] In 1970, the per-capita income of Malaysian Indians was 76% higher than that of the Malay majority.[10] Despite attempts by the Malaysian government to redistribute wealth since the 1970s through institutionalized racial policy,[11][12] by 2005 Malaysian Indians still earned a 27% higher per capita income than that of the dominant Malay community.[10]

  1. ^ a b c Department of Statistics Malaysia (2020). "Current population and estimates, Malaysia 2020 Group". Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Census of Population 2010" (PDF). Singapore Department of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
  3. ^ Viswanathan Selvaratnam (1 May 2021). "From Servitude to Underclass: The Empire's South Indian 'Coolies' in Postcolonial Malaysia". Economic and Political Weekly. 56 (18). The ancestral root of about 80% of Malaysian Indians is in the British Empire's Madras Presidency (now Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala).
  4. ^ Watson Andaya, Barbara; Andaya, Leonard Y. (2001). A History of Malaysia. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 4, 181–185. ISBN 9780824824259.
  5. ^ "Indian Diaspora" (PDF). Ministry of External Affairs. 24 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference malaymail2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Visiting Indian Diaspora in Malaysia | Diplomacy & Beyond Plus".
  8. ^ a b M. Shamsul Haque (November 2003). "The Role of the State in Managing Ethnic Tensions in Malaysia" (PDF). American Behavioral Scientist. 47 (3): 240–266. doi:10.1177/0002764203256186. S2CID 53021386.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ a b Saari, M Yusof; Dietzenbacher, Erik; Los, Bart (2015). "Sources of Income Growth and Inequality Across Ethnic Groups in Malaysia, 1970–2000" (PDF). World Development. 76: 311–328. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.07.015. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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