Back لقاح المكورات السحائية Arabic واکسن مننژیت AZB মেনিঞ্জোকক্কাল টিকা Bengali/Bangla Εμβόλιο μηνιγγιτιδόκοκκου Greek Vacuna meningocócica Spanish واکسن مننژیت Persian Meningokokkirokotteet Finnish Vaccin contre les infections invasives à méningocoque French Alurar rigakafin meningococcal Hausa חיסון לחיידק המנינגוקוק HE
| Vaccine description | |
|---|---|
| Target | Neisseria meningitidis |
| Vaccine type | Conjugate or polysaccharide |
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| Trade names | Menactra, Menveo, Menomune, Others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a607020 |
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Meningococcal vaccine refers to any vaccine used to prevent infection by Neisseria meningitidis.[9] Different versions are effective against some or all of the following types of meningococcus: A, B, C, W-135, and Y.[9][10] The vaccines are between 85 and 100% effective for at least two years.[9] They result in a decrease in meningitis and sepsis among populations where they are widely used.[11][12] They are given either by injection into a muscle or just under the skin.[9]
The World Health Organization recommends that countries with a moderate or high rate of disease or with frequent outbreaks should routinely vaccinate.[9][13] In countries with a low risk of disease, they recommend that high-risk groups should be immunized.[9] In the African meningitis belt efforts to immunize all people between the ages of one and thirty with the meningococcal A conjugate vaccine are ongoing.[13] In Canada and the United States the vaccines are effective against four types of meningococcus (A, C, W, and Y) are recommended routinely for teenagers and others who are at high risk.[9] Saudi Arabia requires vaccination with the quadrivalent vaccine for international travellers to Mecca for Hajj.[9][14]
Meningococcal vaccines are generally safe.[9] Some people develop pain and redness at the injection site.[9] Use in pregnancy appears to be safe.[13] Severe allergic reactions occur in less than one in a million doses.[9]
The first meningococcal vaccine became available in the 1970s.[15] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[16]
Inspired by the response to the 1997 outbreak in Nigeria, the WHO, Médecins Sans Frontières, and other groups created the International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision for Epidemic Meningitis Control, which manages global response strategy. ICGs have since been created for other epidemic diseases.[17]
- ^ "TGA eBS - Product and Consumer Medicine Information Licence". Archived from the original on 13 June 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
- ^ "Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
- ^ "Prescription medicines and biologicals: TGA annual summary 2017". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
- ^ "Regulatory Decision Summary - Menquadfi". Health Canada. 23 October 2014. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
- ^ "Vaccines". Health Canada. 9 May 2018. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Menveo EPARwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Menquadfi EPARwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Nimenrix EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 20 April 2012. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k World Health Organization (November 2011). "Meningococcal vaccines : WHO position paper, November 2011" (PDF). Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 86 (47): 521–540. hdl:10665/241846. PMID 22128384. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- ^ "First vaccine approved by FDA to prevent serogroup B Meningococcal disease" (Press release). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 October 2014. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ Patel M, Lee CK (January 2005). "Polysaccharide vaccines for preventing serogroup A meningococcal meningitis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1): CD001093. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001093.pub2. PMID 15674874. CD001093.
- ^ Conterno LO, Silva Filho CR, Rüggeberg JU, Heath PT (July 2006). Conterno LO (ed.). "Conjugate vaccines for preventing meningococcal C meningitis and septicaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): CD001834. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001834.pub2. PMID 16855979.
- ^ a b c "Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine: updated guidance, February 2015" (PDF). Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 90 (8): 57–62. 20 February 2015. hdl:10665/242320. PMID 25702330. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- ^ "Saudi Arabia: Hajj/Umrah Pilgrimage". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ Barrett AD (2015). Vaccinology : an essential guide. John Wiley & Sons. p. 168. ISBN 9780470656167.
- ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
- ^ "International Coordinating Group (ICG) on Vaccine Provision". Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2021.