Back Metielisosianaat Afrikaans ميثيل إيزوسيانات Arabic متیل ایزوسیانات AZB Isocianat de metil Catalan Methylisokyanát Czech Methylisocyanat German Ισοκυανικό μεθύλιο Greek Metila izocianato Esperanto Isocianato de metilo Spanish Metil isozianato Basque

Methyl isocyanate

Not to be confused with Methyl isocyanide.

Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Isocyanatomethane
Other names
Methyl carbylamine
MIC
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.009.879 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C2H3NO/c1-3-2-4/h1H3 checkY
    Key: HAMGRBXTJNITHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • O=C=NC
Properties
C2H3NO
Molar mass 57.051 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Sharp, pungent odor[1]
Density 0.9230 g/cm3 at 27 °C
Melting point −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K)[2]
Boiling point 38.3–41 °C (100.9–105.8 °F; 311.4–314.1 K)[2]
10% (15°C)[1]
Vapor pressure 57.7 kPa
Structure
2.8 D
Thermochemistry
−92.0 kJ·mol−1[2]
-1.1275E+06 J/mol[3]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS06: Toxic GHS08: Health hazard GHS02: Flammable GHS05: Corrosive GHS07: Exclamation mark
H225, H300, H311, H315, H317, H318, H330, H334, H335, H361d
P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P284, P285, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P320, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P342+P311, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g. sodium, sulfuric acid
4
3
3
W
Flash point −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K)
534 °C (993 °F; 807 K)
Explosive limits 5.3–26%[2]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
120 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
51.5 mg/kg (oral, rat)[4]
6.1 ppm (rat, 6 hr)
12.2 ppm (mouse, 6 hr)
5.4 ppm (guinea pig, 6 hr)
21 ppm (rat, 2 hr)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m3) [skin][1]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m3) [skin][1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 3 ppm[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Methyl isothiocyanate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO. Synonyms are isocyanatomethane and methyl carbylamine. Methyl isocyanate is an intermediate chemical in the production of carbamate pesticides and Haffmann Bromamide Degradation (such as carbaryl, carbofuran, methomyl, and aldicarb). It has also been used in the production of rubbers and adhesives. As an extremely toxic and irritating compound, it is very hazardous to human health. MIC was the principal toxicant involved in the Bhopal gas disaster, which short-term killed 4,000–8,000 people and caused permanent injury and premature deaths to approximately 15,000-20,000.[6][7][8][9][10] It is also a very potent lachrymatory agent.[11]

  1. ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0423". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ a b c d Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
  3. ^ Lemoult (1898). "Sur les éthers isocyaniques et la chaleur de formation de l'acide cyanique liquide" [On Isocyanic Ethers and the Heat of Formation of Liquid Cyanic Acid]. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 126: 43.
  4. ^ a b "Methyl isocyanate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ "NFPA Hazard Rating Information for Common Chemicals". nmsu.edu. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  6. ^ Broughton E (May 2005). "The Bhopal disaster and its aftermath: a review". Environmental Health. 4 (1): 6. Bibcode:2005EnvHe...4....6B. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-6. PMC 1142333. PMID 15882472.
  7. ^ Eckerman I (2001). "Chemical Industry and Public Health — Bhopal as an example" (PDF). MPH. 2001 (24). Göteborg, Sweden: Nordic School of Public Health. ISSN 1104-5701. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2012.
  8. ^ Eckerman I (2004). The Bhopal Saga - Causes and Consequences of the World's Largest Industrial Disaster. India: Universities Press. ISBN 81-7371-515-7. Archived from the original on 10 June 2007.
  9. ^ Rosenberg J. "At 1984 - Huge Poison Gas Leak in Bhopal, India". About.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2008.
  10. ^ Eckerman I (2013). "Bhopal Gas Catastrophe 1984: Causes and Consequences". Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 272–287. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.01903-5. ISBN 978-0-12-409548-9.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kimmerle was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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