Middlesbrough

Middlesbrough
Town
Skyline of the town centre Linthorpe Road The Transporter & the Hydraulic Clock Tower Teesside University's Waterhouse Building Riverside Stadium Middlesbrough Town Hall
Middlesbrough Location within North Yorkshire
Population
• Borough (2022)	148,285
• Built-up area (2021)	148,215[1]
Demonym	Smoggie (colloquial)
OS grid reference	NZ495204
• London	217 mi (349 km) S
Unitary authority	Middlesbrough
Ceremonial county	North Yorkshire
Region	North East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Areas of the town	List Acklam Ayresome Berwick Hills Brambles Farm Coulby Newham Easterside Grove Hill Hemlington Linthorpe Marton Middlehaven North Ormesby Nunthorpe (parished) Pallister Stainton (parished) Saltersgill Thornton (parished) Thorntree Tollesby Whinney Banks
Post town	MIDDLESBROUGH
Postcode district	TS1 – TS9
Dialling code	01642
Police	Cleveland
Fire	Cleveland
Ambulance	North East
UK Parliament	Middlesbrough and Thornaby East Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland
Website	middlesbrough.gov.uk
List of places UK England Yorkshire 54°34′36″N 1°14′08″W / 54.5767°N 1.2355°W / 54.5767; -1.2355

Middlesbrough (/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ ^ⓘ MID-əlz-brə), colloquially known as the Boro, is a port town in the Borough of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. Lying to the south of the River Tees, Middlesbrough forms part of the Teesside built-up area and the lower Tees Valley.

A hamlet surrounded by rural farmland until the expansion of the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1830, Middlesbrough experienced booms in heavy industry throughout the 19th century and remained a heavily industrial town until deindustrialisation in the late 20th century.

Part of Yorkshire since before Domesday Book, Middlesbrough became a town with a municipal borough in 1853. When Yorkshire was split into its ancient ridings for administrative purposes in 1889, Middlesbrough was large enough to become a county borough, independent of the then new North Riding County Council. In 1968 the Borough of Middlesbrough was merged into the County Borough of Teesside. In 1974 the eponymous Borough of Middlesbrough was established within the new county of Cleveland. The new county was abolished in 1996 and since then the town's borough has had unitary authority status within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. Since 2016 the borough has had a representative seat on the Tees Valley Combined Authority (TVCA).