Monopotassium phosphate

Monopotassium phosphate
	Two unit cells of MKP viewed close to the b axis
Names
	IUPAC names Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
	Other names Potassium phosphate monobasic;; Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt; ; Potassium biphosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7778-77-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200925 ;
ChemSpider	22914 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.012
EC Number	231-913-4;
E number	E340(i) (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID	516951;
RTECS number	TC6615500;
UNII	4J9FJ0HL51 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0035667 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3K.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3+1;/p-3 Key: LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K ; InChI=1/3K.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3+1;/p-3 Key: LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-DFZHHIFOAX;
	SMILES [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	KH; 2PO; 4
Molar mass	136.086 g/mol
Appearance	Colourless crystals or white granular or crystalline powder
Odor	Odorless
Density	2.338 g/cm3
Melting point	252.6 °C (486.7 °F; 525.8 K)
Boiling point	400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) , decomposes
Solubility in water	22.6 g/100 mL (20 °C); 83.5 g/100 mL (90 °C)
Solubility	Slightly soluble in ethanol
Acidity (pKa)	6.86
Basicity (pKb)	11.9
Refractive index (nD)	1.4864
Structure
Crystal structure	Tetragonal
Space group	I42d
Lattice constant	a = 0.744 nm, b = 0.744 nm, c = 0.697 nm
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319
Precautionary statements	P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3200 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Other cations	Monosodium phosphate; Monoammonium phosphate
Related compounds	Dipotassium phosphate; Tripotassium phosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) (also, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH₂PO₄. Together with dipotassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄^.(H₂O)_x) it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent. The salt often cocrystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.^[7]

Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature. At temperatures below −150 °C (−238 °F), they become ferroelectric.

^ "Potassium dihydrogen phosphate".
^ ^a ^b "Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 of 9 March 2012 laying down specifications for food additives listed in Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council Text with EEA relevance". EUR-Lex. E 340 (i) MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE. Retrieved 19 January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
^ Mathews, Christopher K., K. E. Van Holde, Ean R. Appling, and Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill. Biochemistry. Redwood City, CA: Benjamin/Cummings Pub., 1990. Print.
^ King, Harold S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1927, 49, 6, 1511–1512 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01405a018
^ Ono, Yasuhiro; Hikita, Tomoyuki; Ikeda, Takuro (1987). "Phase Transitions in Mixed Crystal System K_1−x(NH₄)_xH₂PO₄". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 56 (2): 577. Bibcode:1987JPSJ...56..577O. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.56.577.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate". American Elements. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
^ Klaus Schrödter; Gerhard Bettermann; Thomas Staffel; Friedrich Wahl; Thomas Klein; Thomas Hofmann (2012). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.

[1] "Potassium dihydrogen phosphate".

[EUR-Lex-2] "Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 of 9 March 2012 laying down specifications for food additives listed in Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council Text with EEA relevance". EUR-Lex. E 340 (i) MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE. Retrieved 19 January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[3] Mathews, Christopher K., K. E. Van Holde, Ean R. Appling, and Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill. Biochemistry. Redwood City, CA: Benjamin/Cummings Pub., 1990. Print.

[4] King, Harold S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1927, 49, 6, 1511–1512 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01405a018

[s2-5] Ono, Yasuhiro; Hikita, Tomoyuki; Ikeda, Takuro (1987). "Phase Transitions in Mixed Crystal System K_1−x(NH₄)_xH₂PO₄". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 56 (2): 577. Bibcode:1987JPSJ...56..577O. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.56.577.

[sds-6] "Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate". American Elements. Retrieved October 30, 2018.

[Ullmann-7] Klaus Schrödter; Gerhard Bettermann; Thomas Staffel; Friedrich Wahl; Thomas Klein; Thomas Hofmann (2012). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.

[1]

[2]

[4]

[3]

[5]

[6]

[7]

Monopotassium phosphate

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · View on Wikipedia