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Mosul
الموصل | |
|---|---|
       Top to bottom, left to right: View over Tigris river Church of Saint Thomas • Hatra Mosul Rural area • The river's gate Mosul Museum • Heritage house | |
| Nickname(s): Nīnwē ܢܝ݂ܢܘܹܐ The Pearl of the North | |
  Mosul Location in Iraq  Mosul Mosul (West and Central Asia) | |
| Coordinates: 36°20′N 43°08′E / 36.34°N 43.13°E | |
| Country |  Iraq |
| Governorate | Nineveh |
| District | Mosul |
| Area | |
• Total | 180 km2 (70 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 223 m (732 ft) |
| Population (2023)[2] | |
• Total | 1,792,000 |
| • Density | 10,000/km2 (26,000/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Mosuli Maslawi |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (AST) |
| Area code | 60 |
Mosul (/ˈmoʊsəl, moʊˈsuːl/ MOH-səl, moh-SOOL; Arabic: الموصل, romanized: al-Mawṣil, pronounced [alˈmawsˤil] ⓘ, locally [ɪlˈmoːsˤɪl]; Kurdish: مووسڵ, romanized: Mûsil;[3][4] Turkish: Musul; Syriac: ܡܘܨܠ, romanized: Māwṣil[5]) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate.[6] The city is considered the second-largest city in Iraq, by population and area, after the capital, Baghdad. Mosul lies approximately 400 km (250 mi) north of Baghdad on the Tigris River. The Mosul metro area has grown from the old city on the western side to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as locals call the two respective sides of the Tigris. The city encloses the ruins of the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh – once the largest city in the world – on its east side.
Mosul is considered among the larger, more historically- and culturally-significant cities of the Arab world. Due to its strategic, central location, it has traditionally served as one of the hubs of international commerce and travel in the region. The North Mesopotamian dialect of Arabic commonly known as Moslawi is named after Mosul, and is widely spoken in the region. Together, with the Nineveh Plains region, Mosul is an historical centre of the Assyrian people.[7]
Mosul and its surroundings have an ethnically- and religiously-diverse population, especially when compared to other areas; a large majority of its population are Kurds, with Arabs, Assyrians, Turkmens, Shabaks, and other minorities comprising the city's population. Sunni Islam is the largest religion, but there are a significant number of Christians, as well as adherents of other sects of Islam and other minority religions. Historically, essential products of the area included Mosul marble and oil. Mosul is home to the University of Mosul and its renowned Medical College, one of the Middle East's largest educational and research centers.
- ^ Gladstone, Philip (10 February 2014). "Synop Information for ORBM (40608) in Mosul, Iraq". Weather Quality Reporter. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
- ^ "Mosul, Iraq Metro Area Population 1950-2023". Macrotrends.
- ^ "Nêçîrvan Barzanî: Serxwebûn Mafê Gelê Kurd E" (in Kurdish). Voice of America. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
- ^ "ئەمساڵ كۆنسۆڵخانەى توركيا لە مووسڵ دووبارە دەكرێتەوە" (in Kurdish). Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
- ^ Thomas A. Carlson et al., "Mosul – ܡܘܨܠ " in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified June 30, 2014, http://syriaca.org/place/139.
- ^ Coker, Margaret (2017-12-10). "After Fall of ISIS, Iraq's Second-Largest City Picks Up the Pieces". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
- ^ Dalley, Stephanie (1993). "Nineveh After 612 BC." Alt-Orientanlische Forshchungen 20. p.134.