Mughal conquest of Kashmir

Mughal conquest of Kashmir
	Part of the Mughal Conquests
	; The Pir Panjal was a frequent battleground for the conflicting forces
Date	20 December 1585 – 8 August 1589 (3 years, 7 months, 2 weeks and 5 days)
Location	Present-day states of Jammu and Kashmir (India) and Azad Kashmir (Pakistan)
Result	Mughal victory
Territorial; changes	Annexation of Kashmir Valley
Belligerents
Mughal Empire; Supported by:; Maqpon Kingdom; Jammu Kingdom	Kashmir Sultanate; Supported by:; Kishtwar Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Jalal-ud-din Akbar Bhagwant Das; Shah Quli Mahram; Qasim Khan; Yusuf Khan Rizvi; Mirza Shah Rukh; Ali Akbar Shahi; Fath Khan	Yousuf Shah Chak ; Yakub Shah Chak Shams Chak ; Hussain Chak ; Qasim Nayak † ; Zafar Nayak †; Muhammad Chak †; Naurang Chak †; Yaqub Sarfi (AWOL); Haidar Chak (AWOL); Lohar Chak (AWOL)
Strength
Under Bhagwant Das: 20,000–25,000 infantry; ~5,000 musketeer; 5,000 cavalry; Under Mirza Shah Rukh: ~20,000 (total); Under Qasim Khan: 15,000 infantry; 5,000–6,000 cavalry; ~2,000 musketeer; Under Yusuf Khan Rizvi: ~20,000 (total);	At Buliasa Pass: 25,000 infantry; 15,000 cavalry; 7,000 musketeer; Battle of Hastivanj: 5,000–10,000 infantry; 2,000 musketeer; At Hanjik Fort: 30,000 infantry; 10,000 cavalry; 5,000–10,000 musketeer;
Casualties and losses
Low (at Buliasa); Heavy (at Hastivanj); Heavy (at Hanjik)	Low to Medium (at Buliasa); Heavy (at Hastivanj); Low (at Hanjik)

The Mughal conquest of Kashmir^[a] was an invasion of the Kashmir Sultanate by the Mughal Empire in 1585–1589.^[1] After severe fighting and heavy casualties, the Mughals defeated the Kashmiris in the Battle of Hastivanj (10 October 1586)^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

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^ Hasan, Mohibbul (2023-09-26). Kashmir Under the Sultans. London: Routledge. p. 175. doi:10.4324/9781032666709. ISBN 978-1-032-66670-9.
^ Hasan, Mohibbul (2023-09-26). Kashmir Under the Sultans. London: Routledge. p. 187. doi:10.4324/9781032666709. ISBN 978-1-032-66670-9.
^ Eraly, Abraham (2000) [1997]. Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Moghuls. Penguin Books. pp. 156–157. ISBN 978-0-14-100143-2.
^ Richards, John F. (1995). "The Mughal Empire". The New Cambridge History of India. Cambridge University Press. pp. 49–51.
^ Majumdar, R. C.; Chaudhuri, J. N.; Chaudhuri, S. (1974). The History and Culture of the Indian People: The Mughal empire. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 146–151.
^ Collier, Dirk (1 March 2016). The Great Mughals and their India p. 149–153. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 9789384544980 – via Google Books.

[2] Hasan, Mohibbul (2023-09-26). Kashmir Under the Sultans. London: Routledge. p. 175. doi:10.4324/9781032666709. ISBN 978-1-032-66670-9.

[3] Hasan, Mohibbul (2023-09-26). Kashmir Under the Sultans. London: Routledge. p. 187. doi:10.4324/9781032666709. ISBN 978-1-032-66670-9.

[Eraly_Peacock_Throne-4] Eraly, Abraham (2000) [1997]. Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Moghuls. Penguin Books. pp. 156–157. ISBN 978-0-14-100143-2.

[Richards_Mughal_Empire-5] Richards, John F. (1995). "The Mughal Empire". The New Cambridge History of India. Cambridge University Press. pp. 49–51.

[Majumdar_Mughal_Empire-6] Majumdar, R. C.; Chaudhuri, J. N.; Chaudhuri, S. (1974). The History and Culture of the Indian People: The Mughal empire. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 146–151.

[Collier_Great_Mughals-7] Collier, Dirk (1 March 2016). The Great Mughals and their India p. 149–153. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 9789384544980 – via Google Books.

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Mughal conquest of Kashmir

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