Back جبهة التحرير الوطني الجزائرية Arabic Milli Qurtuluş Cəbhəsi (Əlcəzair) Azerbaijani Фронт за национално освобождение Bulgarian জাতীয় মুক্তি মোর্চা (আলজেরিয়া) Bengali/Bangla FLN (Aljeria) Breton Front Nacional d'Alliberament d'Algèria Catalan Algeriets Nationale Befrielsesfront Danish Nationale Befreiungsfront (Algerien) German Εθνικό Απελευθερωτικό Μέτωπο (Αλγερία) Greek Naciliberiga Fronto (Alĝerio) Esperanto
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National Liberation Front جبهة التحرير الوطني | |
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| Abbreviation | FLN |
| Secretary-General | Abdelkrim Benmbarek[1] |
| Founded | 23 October 1954 |
| Preceded by | CRUA |
| Headquarters | Algiers |
| Membership (2019) |  1,000,000[2] |
| Ideology | Algerian nationalism[3] Arab nationalism[4][5][6] Pan-Arabism[6] Arab socialism[7][5] Social democracy[8][4] Anti-imperialism[9][6] Anti-Zionism[10] Historical: Nasserism[11] Revolutionary socialism[12] Vanguardism[13] |
| Political position | Centre-left[14] Historical: Left-wing |
| Colors | |
| Military wing | National Liberation Army (1954–1962) |
| Council of the Nation | 54 / 144 |
| People's National Assembly | 98 / 407 |
| People's Provincial Assemblies | 711 / 2,004 |
| Municipalities | 603 / 1,540 |
| People's Municipal Assemblies | 7,603 / 24,876 |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| pfln | |
The National Liberation Front (Arabic: جبهة التحرير الوطني, romanized: Jabhatu l-Taḥrīri l-Waṭanī; French: Front de libération nationale), commonly known by its French acronym FLN,[a] is a nationalist political party in Algeria. It was the principal nationalist movement during the Algerian War and the sole legal and ruling political party of the Algerian state until other parties were legalised in 1989.[15]
The FLN was established in 1954 following a split in the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties from members of the Special Organisation paramilitary; its armed wing, the National Liberation Army, participated in the Algerian War from 1954 to 1962. After the Évian Accords of 1962, the party purged internal dissent and ruled Algeria as a one-party state. After the 1988 October Riots and the Algerian Civil War (1991–2002) against Islamist groups, the FLN was reelected to power in the 2002 Algerian legislative election, and has generally remained in power until 2007, when it started forming coalitions with other parties.
- ^ Boudjedri, Mounia (November 13, 2023). "Abdelkrim Benmbarek plébiscité nouveau secrétaire général du parti FLN". Algeria Press Service (in French). Archived from the original on November 14, 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
- ^ "زهية جمعي : للشعب الجزائري وحده الحق في تقييم الافلان عبر الصندوق - جبهة التحرير الوطني - FLN". Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
- ^ Sloan, Stephen; Anderson, Sean K. (2009-08-03). Historical Dictionary of Terrorism. Scarecrow Press. p. 474. ISBN 978-0-8108-6311-8. Archived from the original on 2023-12-05. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
The Front de Libération Nationale is an Algerian nationalist party that engaged in guerrilla warfare and terrorist attacks on the French colonial government to obtain independence for Algerian Arabs.
- ^ a b Goldsmith, Melissa Ursula Dawn; Fonseca, Anthony J. (2018-12-01). Hip Hop around the World: An Encyclopedia. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. pp. xvii. ISBN 979-8-216-09618-4. Archived from the original on 2023-12-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
The war broke out because of conflict between the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), an Islamic fundamentalist party, and the ruling National Liberation Front (FLN), an Algerian and Arab nationalist democratic socialist party.
- ^ a b Esposito, John L. (1998-08-01). Islam and Politics: Fourth Edition. Syracuse University Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-8156-2774-6. Archived from the original on 2023-12-05. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
During the late 1950s and early 1960s, radical Arab regimes had come to power in Syria, Iraq, and Algeria as well as in Egypt. Western-inspired liberal governments were indicted for the continuance of feudal societies in the Middle East. The Failure of liberal nationalism and the influence of Western capitalism and imperialism were denounced by the new regimes with promises of a social revolution to redress the profound socioeconomic inequities of their societies. Rejecting a "feudal past" and a Western capitalist present, the Baath Party in Syria and Iraq, the Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN) in Algeria, and Nasser in Egypt advocated an Arab nationalist/socialist future—Arab socialism.
- ^ a b c Guidère, Mathieu (2017-09-20). Historical Dictionary of Islamic Fundamentalism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 336. ISBN 978-1-5381-0670-9. Archived from the original on 2023-12-05. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
Ideologically, the FLN sought Pan-Arab nationalism throughout Algeria using Islam to attain national consciousness and solidarity. The founding anti-imperialist doctrines of the FLN continued to remain at the core even after Algeria's independence and have affected the country's foreign policies.
- ^ Badie, Bertrand (2018-06-29). New Perspectives on the International Order: No Longer Alone in This World. Springer. p. 113. ISBN 978-3-319-94286-5. Archived from the original on 2023-12-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
The FLN's motivational ideology, nationalism tinged with Arab socialism, was soon turned into ordinary bureaucratic and military authoritarianism, undermining the government's legitimacy in the eyes of the people, who soon turned toward other horizons.
- ^ Shillington, Kevin (2005). Encyclopedia of African History: A - G.. 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6. Archived from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2023.
The Algerian War for Independence began on November 1, 1954, when the FLN (Front de Liberation Nationale, or National Liberation Front), a group advocating for social democracy within an Islamic framework, called upon all Algerians to rise up against French authority and fight for total independence for Algeria.
- ^ Bucaille, Laetitia (2019-06-14). Making Peace with Your Enemy: Algerian, French, and South African Ex-Combatants. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8122-5110-4. Archived from the original on 2023-12-05. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
Moreover, Algerian leaders asserted the glorious character of the victory over colonialisms, emphasizing the paucity of the FLN's resources and the power of the French state, to underscore the remarkable determination, courage and spirit of sacrifice of Algerian combatants. Houari Boumediene kept this spirit of resistance alive by adopting an anti-imperialist stance on the international scene; Algeria remained mobilized against the neocolonial temptations of France and the arrogance of the great powers.
- ^ Ma'oz, Moshe (2020-09-10). Jews, Muslims and Jerusalem: Disputes and Dialogues. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-1-78284-701-4. Archived from the original on 2023-03-05. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
After the 1967 War against Israel (also called the Six-Day War), nearly all the synagogues in Algeria were confiscated and were transformed into mosques. Of the 120,000 Jews in Algeria in the 1940s, only 1000 remained in 1969, and about 50 in the 1990s. The Algerian governments since then have taken an anti-Israel and pro-Palestinian stand for many years.
- ^ Harmon, Stephen A. (2016-03-09). Terror and Insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel Region: Corruption, Contraband, Jihad and the Mali War of 2012-2013. Routledge. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-317-04606-6. Archived from the original on 2023-12-27. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
While the FLN always had Islamic overtones, it was from the start a secular-nationalist liberation movement on the Nasser model.
- ^ Nyrop, Richard F.; Studies, American University (Washington, D. C. ) Foreign Area (1972). Area Handbook for Algeria. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 233. Archived from the original on 2023-12-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
From its birth as an independent state, Algeria's foreign policies were based on a realistic recognition of the need for economic assistance as well as on the government's revolutionary, socialist ideology, which pervaded all levels of policy formulation.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Entelis, John P. (2016-01-08). Algeria: The Revolution Institutionalized. Routledge. p. 165. ISBN 978-1-317-36098-8. Archived from the original on 2023-12-27. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
According to Part 2 of the National Charter, the FLN is officially given a vanguard role in Algerian politics and society. Organized along recognizably Leninist lines, the FLN is, in theory, "the supreme mobilizer of the masses, guardian of ideological standards, watchdog over bureaucratic excesses and deviations, and arbiter of policy.
- ^ "National Liberation Front Party". Observatorio Electoral. Archived from the original on 2023-12-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
- ^ Europa World Year Book 2014, p. 565.
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