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Nature connectedness

Nature connectedness is the extent to which individuals include nature as part of their identity.[1] It includes an understanding of nature and everything it is made up of, even the parts that are not pleasing.[2] Characteristics of nature connectedness are similar to those of a personality trait: nature connectedness is stable over time and across various situations.[3]

Schultz[1] describes three components that make up the nature connectedness construct:

  • The cognitive component is the core of nature connectedness and refers to how integrated one feels with nature.
  • The affective component is an individual's sense of care for nature.
  • The behavioral component is an individual's commitment to protect the natural environment.

These three components make up nature connectedness and are required for a healthy relationship with nature. If an individual feels connected to nature (possibly by spending time in it), they may be more inclined to care about nature, and protect the environment.[1] Recent research has found that nature exposure (and feeling connected to nature at a trait level) provides many benefits to humans such as well-being.[4]

Other researchers describe the nature connectedness construct in a simpler manner. For instance, nature connectedness can be thought of as a love of nature (also referred to as emotional affinity toward nature).[5] Similarly, nature connectedness can be defined as how much a person believes they are the same as nature (more specifically, a person's connectivity with nature)[6] or it can be thought of as simply feeling emotionally connected with nature.[7] Nature connectedness (as a construct) is also known as nature relatedness, connectivity with nature, emotional affinity toward nature, or inclusion of nature in self.

Although nature relatedness is a stable individual trait, it can change based on one's experience with nature,[8] meaning the more time an individual spends in nature, the more connected they feel to nature and the more concern they may feel for nature.[2][7][9] Feeling connected to nature at a state level has many benefits as well such as more positive moods and less negative moods.[2][7]

Even though humans derive many benefits from nature, our modern lifestyles have created a disconnect from the natural environment wherein we spend significantly more time indoors. Some researchers estimate that humans spend up to 90% of their lives indoors.[10] Particularly in developed countries and countries with a high rate of urbanization, the level of connection to nature is significantly lower.[11] This disconnection from nature can have a negative impact on humans because we are missing out on the beneficial effects of nature. As a result, we are less connected to nature and feel less responsibility to protect this environment.[1]

  1. ^ a b c d Schultz, P. W. (2002). "Inclusion with nature: The psychology of human-nature relations". In P. W. Schmuck & W. P. Schultz (Eds.), Psychology of sustainable development. (pp. 62-78). Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic.
  2. ^ a b c Nisbet, E. K., Zelenski, J. A., & Murphy, S. A. (2009). "The nature relatedness scale: Linking individuals' connection with nature to environmental concern and behaviour". Environment and Behaviour, 41, 715-740.
  3. ^ Nisbet, E. K., Zelenski, J. M., & Murphy, S. A. (2010). "Happiness is in our nature: Exploring nature relatedness as a contributor to subjective well-being". Journal of Happiness Studies, 12, 303-322. doi:10.1007/s10902-010-9197-7.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Mayer2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Kals, E., Schumacher, D., & Montada, L. (1999). "Emotional affinity toward nature as a motivational basis to protect nature". Environment and Behavior, 31, 178-202. doi:10.1177/00139169921972056
  6. ^ Dutcher, D. D., Finley, J. C., Luloff, A. E., & Johnson, J. B. (2007). "Connectivity with nature as a measure of environmental values". Environment and Behavior, 39, 474–493.
  7. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Mayer1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Vinning, J., Merrick, M. S., & Price, E. A. (2008). "The distinction between humans and nature: Human perceptions of connectedness to nature and elements of the natural and unnatural". Human Ecology Review, 15, 1-11.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kals, E. 1999 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Evans, G. W., & McCoy, J. M. (1998). "When buildings don't work: The role of architecture in human health". Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 85-94.
  11. ^ Kleespies, Matthias Winfried; Dierkes, Paul Wilhelm (2023-07-01). "Connection to nature of university students in the environmental field — An empirical study in 41 countries". Biological Conservation. 283: 110093. Bibcode:2023BCons.28310093K. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110093. ISSN 0006-3207. S2CID 258424092.
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