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Naval Ocean Surveillance System

"NOSS" redirects here. For other uses, see Noss (disambiguation).
"Intruder (satellite)" redirects here. For the program originally rumored to be called Intruder, see Integrated Overhead SIGINT Architecture.

The NOSS 3-4 duo (2007-027A and C) crossing through the Pleiades. Movement in this 10-second exposure is from top to bottom, the A object is leading.
A NOSS satellite trio passes the Moon.
NOSS 3-3 duo passing by Polaris (bright star at the bottom). Movement in this 12.3-seconds exposure is from upper-left to bottom-right; the A object is leading. 6 February 2016, 18:52 (UTC+2), Kyiv.

The Naval Ocean Surveillance System (NOSS) is a series of signals-intelligence satellites that have conducted electronic signals intelligence for the U.S. Navy since the early 1970s.[1] The first series of satellites were codenamed "White Cloud" or "PARCAE", while second- and third-generation satellites have used the codenames "Ranger" and "Intruder". According to the Union of Concerned Scientists in 2023, the system may be called the Space-Based Wide Area Surveillance System (SB-WASS).[2]

The system is operated by the United States Navy, and its main purpose was tactical geolocation of Soviet Navy assets during the Cold War. NOSS involves satellite clusters operating in low Earth orbit to detect radar and other electronic transmissions from ships at sea and locate them using the time difference of arrival technique.[3]

  1. ^ "Display: SSU 1/2 1976-038C". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ "Satellite Database | Union of Concerned Scientists".
  3. ^ "NOSS Double and Triple Satellite Formations". satobs.org.
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