Back نياندرتال 1 Arabic Neanderthal 1 Czech Neandertal 1 German Neandertal 1 Spanish Neanderthal 1 Basque نئاندرتال ۱ Persian Neanderthal 1 Italian Neanderthal 1 Russian Neanderthal 1 SIMPLE Neanderthal 1 Swedish
 Type specimen, Neanderthal 1 | |
| Common name | Feldhofer 1 |
|---|---|
| Species | Neanderthal |
| Age | 40,000 years |
| Place discovered | Erkrath, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| Date discovered | August 1856 |
Feldhofer 1 or Neanderthal 1 is the scientific name of the 40,000-year-old type specimen fossil of the species Homo neanderthalensis.[1] The fossil was discovered in August 1856 in the Kleine Feldhofer Grotte cave in the Neander Valley (Neandertal), located 13 km (8.1 mi) east of Düsseldorf, Germany.
In 1864, the fossil's description was first published in a scientific journal, where it was officially named.[2] Neanderthal 1 was not the first Neanderthal fossil ever discovered. Other Neanderthal fossils had been found earlier but were not recognized as belonging to a distinct species.[2]
- ^ Die Schreibung des Lemmas Neandertal 1 folgt: Wilhelm Gieseler: Germany. In: Kenneth P. Oakley et al. (Hrsg.): Catalogue of Fossil Hominids: Europe Pt. 2. Smithsonian Institution Proceedings, 1971, pp. 198–199. – Following the Orthographic Conference of 1901, the spelling of Thal was changed to Tal, which adjusted the archive name. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature prohibits changing valid genus and species names, so the Latin designation remains Homo neanderthalensis.
- ^ a b William King: The Reputed Fossil Man of the Neanderthal. In: Quarterly Journal of Science. Vol. 1, 1864, pp. 88–97, Full text (PDF; 356 kB)