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| Nephroma | |
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| Nephroma arcticum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Peltigerales |
| Family: | Peltigeraceae |
| Genus: | Nephroma Ach. (1809) |
| Type species | |
| Nephroma arcticum | |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Nephroma is a genus of medium to large foliose lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution.[2] They are sometimes called kidney lichens, named after the characteristic kidney-shaped apothecia that they produce on the lower surface of their lobe tips, which often curl upwards and thus are visible from above.[3] Sterile specimens that do not have apothecia can look somewhat like Melanelia, Peltigera, Platismatia, or Asahinea. Most species grow either on mossy ground or rocks, or on trees.[3]
All species of Nephroma contain cyanobacteria (in the genus Nostoc) as a photobiont, which allows the organism to fix nitrogen. In some species the cyanobacteria is the sole photobiont, while other species also contain a green alga photobiont (Coccomyxa) and the cyanobacteria is restricted to warty cephalodia on the upper or lower surface of the lichen.[3]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Species Fungorum synonymywas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford: CABI. p. 467. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ a b c Sharnoff S, Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD (2001). Lichens of North America. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-08249-4.