Back الحبل القفوي Arabic Cordó al voltant del coll Catalan Nabelschnurumschlingung German پیچیدن بند ناف دور گردن جنین Persian כריכת חבל הטבור HE Akwara olu IG 臍帯巻絡 Japanese ନାଭି ନାଡ଼ OR Circular cervical Portuguese Нухална пупчана врпца Serbian
| Nuchal cord | |
|---|---|
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| Baby in the uterus with umbilical cord wrapped around its neck and arm | |
| Pronunciation |
|
| Specialty | Obstetrics, pediatrics |
| Symptoms | Duskiness of face, facial petechia, bleeding in the whites of the eye[1] |
| Complications | Meconium, respiratory distress, anemia, stillbirth[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Suspect based on in the babies heart rate during labor, ultrasound[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Birth asphyxia[1] |
| Treatment | Unwrapping the cord during delivery or if this is not possible clamping and cutting the cord[2] |
| Prognosis | Usually good[1] |
| Frequency | 25% of deliveries[2] |
A nuchal cord is when the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the fetus's neck.[1] Symptoms present in the baby shortly after birth from a prior nuchal cord may include duskiness of face, facial petechia, and bleeding in the whites of the eye.[1] Complications can include meconium, respiratory distress, anemia, and stillbirth.[1] Multiple wraps are associated with greater risk.[3]
The diagnosis may be suspected if there is a decrease in the baby's heart rate during delivery.[1] Nuchal cords are typically checked for by running the finger over the baby's neck once the head has delivered.[4] Ultrasound may pick up the condition before labor.[1]
If detected during delivery, management includes trying to unwrap the cord or if this is not possible clamping and cutting the cord.[2] Delivery can typically take place as normal and outcomes are generally good.[5][1] Rarely long term brain damage or cerebral palsy may occur.[1][6] Nuchal cords occur in about a quarter of deliveries.[2] The condition has been described at least as early as 300 BC by Hippocrates.[1]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Peesay M (6 December 2017). "Nuchal cord and its implications". Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology. 3 (1): 28. doi:10.1186/s40748-017-0068-7. PMC 5719938. PMID 29234502.
- ^ a b c d "Nuchal Cord". Merck Manuals Consumer Version. June 2018. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ Hasegawa J, Matsuoka R, Ichizuka K, Sekizawa A, Okai T (March 2009). "Ultrasound diagnosis and management of umbilical cord abnormalities". Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 48 (1): 23–7. doi:10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60031-0. PMID 19346188.
- ^ Ferri FF (2014). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. e23. ISBN 9780323084307.
- ^ Adams JG (2012). Emergency Medicine E-Book: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult -- Online). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1064. ISBN 978-1455733941.
- ^ MacLennan AH, Thompson SC, Gecz J (December 2015). "Cerebral palsy: causes, pathways, and the role of genetic variants" (PDF). American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 213 (6): 779–88. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.05.034. PMID 26003063.