Back أو تي آر-21 توشكا Arabic Toçka (taktiki raket kompleksi) Azerbaijani Точка Byelorussian ОТР-21 Bulgarian OTR-21 Totxka Catalan OTR-21 Točka Czech 9K79 Totschka German SS-21 Scarab Greek OTR-21 Toĉka Esperanto OTR-21 Tochka Spanish
| OTR-21 Tochka SS-21 Scarab | |
|---|---|
 Russian Tochka-U missile launchers at a rehearsal for a parade in Yekaterinburg | |
| Type | Tactical ballistic missile |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1976–present (Scarab A) 1989–present (Scarab B) |
| Used by | See Operators |
| Wars | Yemeni Civil War (1994) First Chechen War Second Chechen War Syrian Civil War Russo-Ukrainian War Yemeni Civil War (2015–present) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | KBM (Kolomna) |
| Unit cost | $300,000[1] |
| Produced | 1973 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) Scarab A 2,010 kg (4,430 lb) Scarab B |
| Length | 6,400 mm (250 in) |
| Diameter | 650 mm (26 in) |
| Crew | 3 |
| Maximum firing range | 70 km (43 mi) Scarab A 120 km (75 mi) Scarab B |
| Warhead | Chemical, 100 kt nuclear warhead, EMP, or fragmentation filling |
Main armament | 1 × OTR 21/9K79 Tactical Ballistic Missile |
| Engine | Single-stage solid-propellant rocket 96kN[2] |
| Maximum speed | 1.8 km/s (1.1 mi/s; Mach 5.3) |
Guidance system | Inertial guidance, Tochka-R added passive radar against radar installations |
| Accuracy | 150 m (Tochka) 95 m (Tochka-U) |
Launch platform | BAZ-5921 Mobile TEL |
OTR-21 Tochka (Russian: оперативно-тактический ракетный комплекс (ОТР) «Точка», romanized: operativno-takticheskiy raketnyy kompleks (OTR) "Tochka", lit. 'Tactical Operational Missile Complex "Point"') is a Soviet tactical ballistic missile. Its GRAU designation is 9K79. Its NATO reporting name is the SS-21 Scarab. One missile is transported per 9P129 vehicle and raised prior to launch. It uses an inertial guidance system.[3][4]
The OTR-21 forward deployment to East Germany began in 1981,[citation needed] replacing the earlier Luna-M series of unguided artillery rockets. The system was scheduled to be decommissioned by the Russian Armed Forces in 2020 in favour of the 9K720 Iskander,[5] but they have been observed in use against Ukrainian targets during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[6][7]
- ^ Landa, Volodymyr; Gnenny, Konstantin. "Over the weekend, Russia launched missiles worth about $200 million over Ukraine., Росія за вихідні випустила по Україні ракет вартістю близько $200 млн" (in Ukrainian). Forbes. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
- ^ Some important Soviet solid fuel missilesArchived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine & 9M79M (Totchka)
- ^ Dullum, Ove (30 June 2010). "The Rocket Artillery Reference Book" (PDF). Norwegian Defence Research Establishment.
- ^ "Technikkatalog - Taktische Rakete (TR) 9M79B, F, K". Rocket and Weapons Technical Service, Leipzig. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2020). Russia's Military Modernisation: An Assessment. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-000-34451-6.
- ^ Williams, Ian (16 August 2023). Putin's Missile War: Russia's Strike Campaign in Ukraine. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 31. ISBN 978-1-5381-7067-0.
- ^ Alberque, William (6 March 2023). "What has the war revealed about Russia's non-strategic missiles?". Online Analysis. International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS). Retrieved 10 September 2023.