Operation Koltso (Operation Ring) was the last part of the Battle of Stalingrad. It resulted in the capitulation of the remaining Axis forces encircled in the city. The operation was likely the largest-scale economy-of-force offensive ever conducted in military history.[5]
^ abThe Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, 1941-1945. A Brief History, pp. 198-199
^David Glantz, Endgame at Stalingrad, The Stalingrad Trilogy Volume III: Book Two (2014), 582.
^ abDavid Glantz, Endgame at Stalingrad, The Stalingrad Trilogy Volume III: Book Two (2014), 581.
^David Glantz, Endgame at Stalingrad, The Stalingrad Trilogy Volume III: Book Two (2014), 599.
^David Glantz, Endgame at Stalingrad, The Stalingrad Trilogy Volume III: December 1942–February 1943: Book Two (2014), 578.