Operation Ichi-Go

Operation Ichi-Go
Part of the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific Theater of World War II
Japanese plan for Operation Ichi-Go
Date (1944-04-19) (1944-12-31)April 19 – December 31, 1944 (8 months, 1 week and 5 days)[1] Location Henan, Hunan and Guangxi Result Japanese victory
Belligerents
Japan	Republic of China  United States
Commanders and leaders
Shunroku Hata Yasuji Okamura Isamu Yokoyama Hisakazu Tanaka	Tang Enbo Xue Yue Bai Chongxi Zhang Fakui Fang Xianjue Li Jiayu † Joseph Stilwell Albert Coady Wedemeyer Claire Lee Chennault
Strength
Japanese record[2] : In the Henan battlefield 148,000 troops 33,000 horses 269 artillery pieces 691 tanks 6,100 vehicles In the Hunan-Guangxi battlefield 362,000 troops 67,000 horses 1,282 artillery pieces 103 tanks 9,450 vehicles Total 510,000 troops 100,000 horses 1,551 artillery pieces 794 tanks 15,550 vehicles 200 bombers	Western Claim : 1,000,000[3] Chinese Claim :[2] In the Henan battlefield : 300,000 troops In the Hunan battlefield : 286,000 troops In the Guangxi battlefield : 100,000 troops
Casualties and losses
100,000 combat and non-combat deaths[4] heavy materiel losses[5]	Western Claim : 500,000–600,000 casualties (according to "China's Bitter Victory: War with Japan, 1937-45")[3] Armies totalling 750,000 'destroyed' or put out of action according to Cox[6][7] Chinese Claim : 300,000+ combat casualties[2][8]

Operation Ichi-Go (Japanese: 一号作戦, romanized: Ichi-gō Sakusen, lit. 'Operation Number One') was a campaign of a series of major battles between the Imperial Japanese Army forces and the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China, fought from April to December 1944. It consisted of three separate battles in the Chinese provinces of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi.

These battles were the Japanese Operation Kogo or Battle of Central Henan, Operation Togo 1 or the Battle of Changheng, and Operation Togo 2 and Togo 3, or the Battle of Guilin–Liuzhou, respectively. The two primary goals of Ichi-go were to open a land route to French Indochina, and capture air bases in southeast China from which American bombers were attacking the Japanese homeland and shipping.^[9]

In Japanese the operation was also called Tairiku Datsū Sakusen (大陸打通作戦), or "Continent Cross-Through Operation", while the Chinese refer to it as the Battle of Henan-Hunan-Guangxi (simplified Chinese: 豫湘桂会战; traditional Chinese: 豫湘桂會戰; pinyin: Yù Xīang Guì Huìzhàn).