Back Incident de Panjdeh Catalan Afghánská krize Czech Panjdeh-Zwischenfall German Pandjehin kriisi Finnish Incident du Panjdeh French पंजदेह प्रकरण Hindi Insiden Panjdeh ID Incidente di Panjdeh Italian Slag aan de Koesjka Dutch د پنجدې پېښه (اشغال) Pashto/Pushto
| Panjdeh Incident | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Russian conquest of Central Asia and Great Game | |||||||||
.jpg) Painting by Franz Roubaud depicting the battle | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Russian Empire | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Aleksandr Komarov | |||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
Disputed 1,660[3] or 2,500[4] or 4,000[5][page needed] 4 cannons |
Disputed 600[4] or 4,000[6][7] to 4,700[3] or 2,000[8][page needed] 8 cannons | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 27 to 42 killed and wounded[b] | 373 to 1,000[c] | ||||||||
vodsk
gabat
Tepe
= Hari-Rud river
=Murghab riverThe Tejend and Merv oases are larger than the above dots
The Panjdeh Incident (spelled Penjdeh in older accounts, and known in Russian historiography as the Battle of the Kushka)[14] was an armed engagement between the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Russian Empire in 1885 that led to a diplomatic crisis between Great Britain and the Russian Empire regarding the Russian expansion south-eastwards towards the Emirate of Afghanistan and the British Raj (India). After nearly completing the Russian conquest of Central Asia (Russian Turkestan), the Russians captured an Afghan border fort, threatening British interests in the area. Seeing this as a threat to India, Britain prepared for war but both sides backed down and the matter was settled diplomatically, with the Russians and Afghans exchanging territories. The incident halted further Russian expansion in Asia, except for the Pamir Mountains, and resulted in the definition of the north-western border of Afghanistan.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Archived 2014-08-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Lee, Jonathan (1996). The "Ancient Supremacy": Bukhara, Afghanistan and the Battle for Balkh, 1731-1901. BRILL. p. 463. ISBN 9789004103993.
- ^ a b Egorshina & Petrova 2023, p. 588.
- ^ a b c d Lansford 2017, p. 351.
- ^ Dowling, Timothy C. (2014-12-02). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 979-8-216-14105-1.
- ^ Morrison 2021, p. 469.
- ^ a b Terentyev 2022, p. 277.
- ^ Dowling, Timothy C. (2014-12-02). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 979-8-216-14105-1.
- ^ Morrison 2021, p. 470.
- ^ a b Egorshina & Petrova 2023, p. 589.
- ^ a b Velichko et al. 1913.
- ^ Morrison 2021, p. 471.
- ^ Runion, Meredith L. (2017-04-24). The History of Afghanistan. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-61069-778-1.
- ^ Mikhail Gorny. "Поход на афганцев и бой на Кушке (1885 г.)" [Campaign against the Afghans and the Battle of Kushka (1885)]. militera.lib.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 7 October 2020.