In cricket, a penalty run is a run awarded to one team for various breaches of the Laws by the other team, generally related to unfair play or player conduct. It is a type of extra. Many of these penalties have been added since 2000. Penalties are awarded under Law 41 for Unfair Play [1] and, since 2017 under Law 42 for Players' Conduct [2]
It has been suggested that penalty runs could be imposed for slow over rates.[3]
"The committee feels that in-match five-run penalties would be the best deterrent to slow over rates," a statement said.