The petroleum industry in Aberdeen, the third most populous city in Scotland, began in the mid-20th century following the discovery of significant oil deposits in the North Sea. Aberdeen has been characterised as the "oil capital" of Scotland, the United Kingdom, as well as Europe as a whole.[1][2][3]
Aberdeen boasts the primary main heliport for the offshore North Sea oil and gas industry at Aberdeen Airport. Aberdeen Harbour is an important port for offshore oil rigs. The number of jobs created by the energy industry in and around Aberdeen has been estimated at half a million.[citation needed] Owing to the natural decline in North Sea oil reserves, the local and national government have worked to promote the growth of the renewable energy in Aberdeen, including the wind energy sector.[4]