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The Picentes or Piceni[1] or Picentini were an ancient Italic people who lived from the 9th to the 3rd century BC in the area between the Foglia and Aterno rivers, bordered to the west by the Apennines and to the east by the Adriatic coast. Their territory, known as Picenum, therefore included all of today's Marche and the northern part of Abruzzo. Piceni derived their culture and genetic ancestry from the Early Bronze Age Cetina culture at the other side of the Adriatic Sea, and Late Bronze Age Hallstatt culture along the Danube River, as new research confirms.[2]
The limits of Picenum depend on the era; during the early classical antiquity the region between the Apennines and the Adriatic Sea south of Ancona was Picenum (South Picenians), while between Ancona and Rimini to the north the population was multi-ethnic (North Picenians) because after 390 BC the Senoni Gauls had combined with or supplanted earlier populations. In the Roman Republic the coastal part of northern Picenum was called the ager Gallicus.
- ^ Picenihttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Piceni
- ^ Ravasini, Francisco, et al., (21 November 2024). "The genomic portrait of the Picene culture provides new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy", in: Genome Biology 25, issue 292: "During the Early BA the Cetina culture [i]n the Dalmatian coast, spread [to] the Adriatic, [along] the BA and [t]he IA. [This presence at] the two sides of the Adriatic Sea [allowed] some authors to describe an 'Adriatic koiné' (Adriatic culture) [due to the] circulation of goods and perhaps individuals. [There is also] the possible genetic relationship between Northern/Central Europe [and] the Middle Adriatic region [by material connections] between the Hallstatt culture along the Danube River and Northern-Central Italy, already [f]rom the late BA."